Pathomorphological picture of diabetic nephropathy in experimental diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aim. To conduct a morphological study of the renal glomerulus in experimental diabetes mellitus and to study the pathomorphological features of the development of diabetic nephropathy.
 Methods. The study was carried out on 25 male Wistar rats. Modeling of diabetes mellitus was carried out by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 65 mg/kg. For more selective modeling of type 2 diabetes, the rats of the control group were intraperitoneally administered a solution of cytoflavin, calculated by the dosage of nicotinamide 115 mg/kg. In the comparison group 1 ml of physiological solution was administered in a similar manner. On day 28 of the experiment, the animals were euthanized under ether anesthesia, the kidneys were extracted, purified and washed with physiological saline. The material was fixed in a 10% neutral formalin solution. Using the morphometric method, the area of the renal glomeruli and the area of the capillary lumens were measured, and after special computer processing of digital photographs, the total area of the vascular bed in the glomerulus and the area of mesangium in the renal glomerulus were estimated.
 Results. After four weeks of experiment on rats with diabetes mellitus, some characteristic changes in the morphofunctional state of renal tissues developed: an increase of the area of renal glomeruli, thickening of the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries, an increase in the size of podocytes with a decrease of their number, and foci of nephrosclerosis.
 Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, characteristic pathomorphological phenomena in the kidneys of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus were recorded, which indicate the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Role of VEGF-A and LRG1 in Abnormal Angiogenesis Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy

“…While the capillary rarefaction would decrease supplement of blood and oxygen, this leads to the loss of tubular cell viability, interstitial and glomerulosclerosis fibrosis ( Afsar et al, 2018 ). Recently, Filinova et al (2019) studied the pathomorphological features of STZ-induced diabetic mice model in the development of DN by using morphometrics method. Their findings revealed that the diabetic kidney is characterized by increased glomerular volume and significant glomerular capillary hyperemia.…”

“…Moreover, the increased mesangial cell proliferation and thickened capillary basement membrane were observed as well. Finally, the urinary albumin excretion increased by 1.6 times ( Filinova et al, 2019 ). Moreover, the observed results supported the fact that there exists abnormal angiogenesis in glomeruli of DN mice model, which is in accordance with previous study ( Osterby and Nyberg, 1987 ).…”

The role of free radical oxidation in the kidneys in the nephroprotective action of eplerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, in experimental diabetes mellitus

“…Доза эплеренона была выбрана по результатам предыдущих исследований нефропротекторного действия препарата при модели СД [4]. В предварительных исследованиях нами показано, что типичные признаки нефропатии у крыс развиваются только к исходу 4-й нед после введения стрептозотоцина [6].…”

Comparison of the Pathological Picture of Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats at Early (1 month) and Late (8 months) Stages

“…Earlier, having conducted a study, we described the biochemical and pathological picture of DN on the background of experimental streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM in rats for a period of 1 month. (7,8) The outcome of the 1-month STZ-induced DM was that hyperglucosuria and proteinuria developed, that FRO process was activated and that a number of characteristic morphological signs of glomerulus damage had emerged. (7,8) However, it is widely believed that persistent nephropathy develops only after 8 months of DM modeling.…”

“…(7,8) The outcome of the 1-month STZ-induced DM was that hyperglucosuria and proteinuria developed, that FRO process was activated and that a number of characteristic morphological signs of glomerulus damage had emerged. (7,8) However, it is widely believed that persistent nephropathy develops only after 8 months of DM modeling. In this regard, the research objective was to investigate the pathological picture of DN in the 8-month STZ-induced DM and compare it with the previously obtained picture of DN in the 1-month STZ-induced DM.…”