Pathomorphological and microbiological studies in sheep with special emphasis on gastrointestinal tract disorders

Abstract

Aim:The present study was envisaged to elucidate the pathomorphological and microbiological aspects of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders of sheep/lambs.Materials and Methods:Samples for research were collected from 12 sheep died with a history of GIT disorders which were brought for post-mortem examination to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, for pathomorphological and microbiological examination.Results:Gross pathological changes in various organs noticed were abomasitis, congestion and hemorrhages in intestine; necrotic foci on liver surface; enlarged, hard, and indurated mesenteric lymph nodes, hydropericardium, congestion, hemorrhages and consolidation of lungs and congestion and soft kidneys as the major change. On histopathological examination, there were abomasitis with leukocyte infiltration, enteritis with desquamation of mucosal epithelium and goblet cell hyperplasia, lymphadenitis with depletion of lymphocytes in the germinal center of lymphoid follicle, and splenitis with depletion of lymphocytes in the white pulp. In the liver congestion, degenerative changes in hepatocytes including cloudy swelling, fatty changes, congestion in sinusoids, and dilatation of sinusoids leading to atrophy of hepatocytes. Lungs evidenced edema, congestion, emphysema, serous inflammation, thickening of interlobular septa, fibrinous pleuritis, and peribronchiolar lymphoid follicle formation. Heart revealed sarcocystosis, fibrinous pericarditis, and hyalinization of the myocardium. In kidneys, congestion, focal interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration, and coagulative necrosis were seen. For microbiological aspects; cultural isolation was done from samples of liver, abomasum, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, heart blood, lungs, and kidneys from the carcasses of sheep/lambs. Escherichia coli was the only bacterium isolated during present studies. E. coli isolates from different tissues of carcasses of sheep/lambs were subjected to in-vitro drug sensitivity testing. Ciprofloxacin, cefixime, polymyxin B, amoxicillin + sulbactam, and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid were the most sensitive drugs followed by amikacin, ofloxacin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and amoxicillin.Conclusions:From the present study, it is reasonable to conclude that the major etiopathological cause of GIT disorders in sheep was E. coli infection, which causes a pathomorphological effect on various cadaver organs viz. abomasum, intestine, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, spleen, kidneys, and heart followed by parasitic infection of Haemonchus contortus.

The Electrophoretic Pattern of Serum Proteins in Sheep with Naturally Acquired Gastrointestinal Nematode Infections

“…Similar fi ndings have been presented by Pandey et al [6] and Tiwari et al [8] in sheep affected by gastrointestinal parasites. Albumin has a lower molecular weight than the most of globulins and smaller osmotic sensitivity to fl uid movement, thus can be selectively lost through the damaged intestinal mucosa [29,30]. Furthermore, Tanwar and Mishra [31] stated that hypoalbuminemia in intestinal parasitism may be aggravated by the consequently increased fractional catabolic rate of albumin.…”

Doenças emergentes e reemergentes: uma revisão de literatura

“…As zoonoses desempenham um papel crucial nesse contexto, sendo uma fonte significativa de doenças emergentes. O conceito de pool zoonótico destaca a introdução de agentes provenientes de diversas espécies, representando uma potencial fonte rica de doenças emergentes (Kumar et al, 2015).…”