Pathology of skin diseases in crocodiles

Buenviaje, G.N.; Ladds, P. W.; Martín, Yolanda

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1998.tb12368.x

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This morphology is so unique that a strong presumptive diagnosis of dermatophilosis can be made on examination of stained smears alone 21 . There are two recognized species of Dermatophilus: D. congolensis , the causative agent of dermatophilosis in mammals and reptiles, 22 –23 and D. chelonae , which has been isolated from tortoises and turtles 24 . Dermatophilus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermatophilus‐like infection in beluga whales,Delphinapterus leucas, from the St. Lawrence estuary

Mikaelian

Lapointe

Labelle

et al. 2001

Veterinary Dermatology

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Six beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) found dead on the shores of the St. Lawrence estuary had multiple slightly depressed greyish round areas randomly distributed over the whole body. Histologically, the surface of these areas was covered with a thick layer of Dermatophilus-like organisms which invaded the stratum corneum. The underlying stratum spinosum had marked spongiosis and vacuolar degeneration. Minimal neutrophilic infiltration was present within the underlying dermal papillae. To the authors' knowledge, dermatophilosis in cetaceans has not been reported previously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermatophilus sp. resembling D. congolensis have also been isolated in alligators and crocodiles in which they are associated with ulcerative dermatitis 22,25 . Infection by D. congolensis generally occurs in temperate or tropical climates with high humidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatophilus‐like infection in beluga whales,Delphinapterus leucas, from the St. Lawrence estuary

Mikaelian

Lapointe

Labelle

et al. 2001

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Poxvirus infection reported by a Brazilian farm affected 15% of 5-to 9-month-old Brazilian caimans, while adults remained asymptomatic (97). Poxvirus infections have been associated with 3.4% of all skin lesions in Australian farmed crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus and Crocodylus johnstoni) (16). In a CRV outbreak of 9-month-old Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus), 40% presented with clinical disease (52).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of Crocodilepox Virus

Afonso

Tulman

Delhon

et al. 2006

J Virol

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Here, we present the genome sequence, with analysis, of a poxvirus infecting Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) (crocodilepox virus; CRV). The genome is 190,054 bp (62% G؉C) and predicted to contain 173 genes encoding proteins of 53 to 1,941 amino acids. The central genomic region contains genes conserved and generally colinear with those of other chordopoxviruses (ChPVs). CRV is distinct, as the terminal 33-kbp (left) and 13-kbp (right) genomic regions are largely CRV specific, containing 48 unique genes which lack similarity to other poxvirus genes. Notably, CRV also contains 14 unique genes which disrupt ChPV gene colinearity within the central genomic region, including 7 genes encoding GyrB-like ATPase domains similar to those in cellular type IIA DNA topoisomerases, suggestive of novel ATP-dependent functions. The presence of 10 CRV proteins with similarity to components of cellular multisubunit E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, including 9 proteins containing F-box motifs and F-box-associated regions and a homologue of cellular anaphasepromoting complex subunit 11 (Apc11), suggests that modification of host ubiquitination pathways may be significant for CRV-host cell interaction. CRV encodes a novel complement of proteins potentially involved in DNA replication, including a NAD ؉ -dependent DNA ligase and a protein with similarity to both vaccinia virus F16L and prokaryotic serine site-specific resolvase-invertases. CRV lacks genes encoding proteins for nucleotide metabolism. CRV shares notable genomic similarities with molluscum contagiosum virus, including genes found only in these two viruses. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that CRV is quite distinct from other ChPVs, representing a new genus within the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae, and it lacks recognizable homologues of most ChPV genes involved in virulence and host range, including those involving interferon response, intracellular signaling, and host immune response modulation. These data reveal the unique nature of CRV and suggest mechanisms of virus-reptile host interaction.

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“…This genera of leech inhabit freshwater wetlands and, according to Brantley & Platt (1991), it does not tolerate saline environments. Paratrichosoma crocodylus is the nematode species that has been reported in several species of crocodilians both in the wild (Webb & Messel 1977, Montague 1984, Seijas 2007 and in captivity (Fogging 1987, Buenviaje et al 1998, Huchzermeyer 2003. P. recurvum was first described and reported in C. moreletii by Moravec & Vargas-Vázquez (1998) from crocodiles captured in the Celestún lagoon, 50 km north of the area (same Petenes ecosystem) where this study took place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In crocodilians, some external parasites have been reported, such as leeches, ticks and nematodes of the genus Paratrichosoma (Webb & Messel 1977, Webb & Manolis 1983, Montague 1984, Buenviaje et al 1998, Moravec & Vargas-Vázquez 1998, Rainwater et al 2001, Seijas 2007. The nematode P. recurvum was first reported in Crocodylus moreletii in Yucatán, Mexico (Moravec & Vargas-Vázquez 1998) and can be found mostly in the ventral region of the animals, causing zigzag tracks on the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External injuries of Morelet’s crocodile Crocodylus moreletii in Campeche, Mexico

Padilla¹,

Weber²

2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Analysis of external injuries in captive and free-ranging Morelet's crocodiles Crocodylus moreletii was performed in the northern wetlands of Campeche, Mexico. From March to September of 2007, a total of 52 free-ranging and 51 captive Morelet's crocodiles were studied. Captive crocodiles presented significantly more injuries. Sixteen free-ranging crocodiles presented some type of lesion, mostly superficial abrasions. Nineteen captive crocodiles presented lesions, mostly incisions from agonistic interactions. Overall, the injuries with highest prevalence were the incisions. The tail was the most frequently injured body region. Injuries were more common in adults than in other size classes. Conversely, the presence of lesions caused by the parasite Paratrichosoma spp. was greater in crocodiles captured in the coastal channels (mangrove habitat). The information presented here is important to understand some of the effects of individual interactions and to foresee and manage the consequences of conservation and management activities of crocodile populations. KEY WORDS: Individual interactions · Free-ranging crocodiles · Lesions · ParatrichosomaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Pathology of skin diseases in crocodiles

Abstract: Dermatophilosis is the most common and probably the most important skin disease of crocodiles in Australia, but it is frequently complicated by concurrent infection with fungi or other microorganisms.

Cited by 47 publications

References 15 publications

Dermatophilus‐like infection in beluga whales,Delphinapterus leucas, from the St. Lawrence estuary

Dermatophilus‐like infection in beluga whales,Delphinapterus leucas, from the St. Lawrence estuary

Genome of Crocodilepox Virus

External injuries of Morelet’s crocodile Crocodylus moreletii in Campeche, Mexico

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