Pathology of fatal diffuse brain injury in severe non-penetrating head trauma

Rungruangsak, K; Poriswanish, Nitikorn

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102226

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Axonal injury can be detected by β-APP within 35 min after severe TBI ( 28 ). The neuropathologist involved in forensic work is not uncommonly confronted with a case in which there is no or only a little history or, if available, the information is uncertain or is often conflicting ( 29 , 30 ). Therefore, β-APP would be a valuable early marker of axonal injury in forensic neuropathology ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bibliometric analysis on traumatic brain injury in forensic medicine of a half-century (1972–2021)

Chen

Dang

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the most common injuries in forensic medicine, the identification of which is of particular importance in forensic practice. To reveal the circumstances and trends of TBI in the forensic field, we used the Web of Science (WoS) database for comprehensive retrieval. We made a metrological analysis of 1,089 papers in the past 50 years (1972–2021). The United States and Germany have the most forensic research on TBI. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) has been the focus of attention for many years, and much effort has been devoted to its diagnosis in forensic pathology. Infants and children are the subgroups of most concern, especially in infant and child abuse cases. Research on identifying shaken baby syndrome has received increasing attention in recent years. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive list and analysis of the articles regarding TBI in legal medicine, which may shed light on recognizing the trends and research hotspots in this field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bibliometric analysis on traumatic brain injury in forensic medicine of a half-century (1972–2021)

Chen

Dang

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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“…4 Moreover, DBI affects not only the cerebral cortex but also the cerebellum and brainstem, leading to systemic brain inflammation and edema. [2][3][4] DBI causes changes in vital signs and loss of consciousness, and the mortality rate is much higher than that associated with CCI. 4,5 CCI results in wound bleeding, focal tissue deformation, and increased autophagosomes, as observed by pathological analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Both DBI and CCI can lead to secondary craniocerebral injury mediated by multiple factors. 3,30 Fingolimod is involved in the treatment of CCI, but its effect may not be solely mediated by immune regulation. Thus, we hypothesized that fingolimod (0.5 mg/kg for 3 days) 26 could alleviate nerve damage caused by DBI by regulating the inflammatory response and GS function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many fatalities related to TBIs are caused by diffuse brain injury (DBI) 1,2 . This study used Marmarou's model to replicate DBI in patients since the mechanism and injury pathology differ among various brain injury models 3,4 . A statistically significant difference was observed in the extent of brain tissue damage caused by controlled cortical impact (CCI) compared with that observed in Marmarou's model for inducing DBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fingolimod improves diffuse brain injury by promoting AQP4 polarization and functional recovery of the glymphatic system

Feng,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

CNS Neurosci Ther

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BackgroundDiffuse brain injury (DBI) models are characterized by intense global brain inflammation and edema, which characterize the most severe form of TBI. In a previous experiment, we found that fingolimod promoted recovery after controlled cortical impact injury (CCI) by modulating inflammation around brain lesions. However, it remains unclear whether fingolimod can also attenuate DBI because of its different injury mechanisms. Furthermore, whether fingolimod has additional underlying effects on repairing DBI is unknown.MethodsThe impact acceleration model of DBI was established in adult Sprague–Dawley rats. Fingolimod (0.5 mg/kg) was administered 0.5, 24, and 48 h after injury for 3 consecutive days. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence analysis, cytokine array, and western blotting were used to evaluate inflammatory cells, inflammatory factors, AQP4 polarization, apoptosis in brain cells, and the accumulation of APP after DBI in rats. To evaluate the function of the glymphatic system (GS), a fluorescent tracer was injected into the cistern. The neural function of rats with DBI was evaluated using various tests, including the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), horizontal ladder‐crossing test, beam walking test, and tape sensing and removal test. Brain water content was also measured.ResultsFingolimod administration for 3 consecutive days could reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines, neutrophil recruitment, microglia, and astrocyte activation in the brain following DBI. Moreover, fingolimod reduced apoptotic protein expression, brain cell apoptosis, brain edema, and APP accumulation. Additionally, fingolimod inhibited the loss of AQP4 polarization, improved lymphatic system function, and reduced damage to nervous system function. Notably, inhibiting the GS weakened the therapeutic effect of fingolimod on the neurological function of rats with DBI and increased the accumulation of APP in the brain.ConclusionsIn brief, these findings suggest that fingolimod alleviates whole‐brain inflammation and GS system damage after DBI and that inhibiting the GS could weaken the positive effect of fingolimod on nerve function in rats with DBI. Thus, inhibiting inflammation and regulating the GS may be critical for the therapeutic effect of fingolimod on DBI.

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“…É imprescindível destacar também que mais da metade de todas as mortes no trânsito ocorrem entre os usuários mais vulneráveis das vias, com evidência para pedestres 18,19 , ciclistas [20][21][22] e motociclistas 23 . Particularmente, no que se refere às lesões mais frequentes decorrentes dos ATT, destacam-se as fraturas [24][25][26][27] , os traumatismos cranianos 28 , os traumas raquimedulares 29 e as amputações 30,31 , acometimentos que podem induzir a morte 32 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Morbimortalidade por acidentes de trânsito terrestres na Bahia entre os anos de 2011 e 2021

Ramos¹,

Barreto²,

Miguel³

2022

cmbio

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Introdução: os acidentes de trânsito terrestre (ATT) representam um problema de saúde pública de grande relevância, que tem provocado impacto na morbimortalidade da população brasileira. Assim, torna-se premente a busca de soluções que visem a melhorar a segurança no trânsito e reduzir os ATT, que comprometem e oneram diferentes setores da sociedade e a qualidade de vida das vítimas. Objetivo: estimar tendências acerca da morbimortalidade por ATT na Bahia, entre 2011 e 2021. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo ecológico, quantitativo, descritivo, realizado mediante análise dos dados populacionais do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) acerca dos indivíduos que sofreram ATT na Bahia, entre 2011 e 2021. Resultados: foram registrados 2.268 óbitos e 102.490 internações, com maior ocorrência na macrorregião de Salvador, com o sexo masculino, cor parda, faixa etária entre 20 e 29 anos, mais frequente entre os motociclistas, seguidos dos pedestres. Observou-se tendência de aumento no número de internações, nos dias de permanência hospitalar e nos valores dos serviços associados, bem como variabilidade do número de óbitos e redução da taxa de mortalidade. As fraturas dos ossos da tíbia e clavícula, do antebraço e fêmur foram os procedimentos cirúrgicos com maior quantidade de internações relacionadas. Conclusão: os dados evidenciaram uma tendência de aumento do número de traumas, lesões, internações, óbitos e custos decorrentes dos ATT. Destarte, almeja-se que os Resultados do presente estudo subsidiem discussões e políticas públicas que intensifiquem as medidas de segurança no trânsito, com vistas a reduzir a incidência dos ATT e suas consequências socioeconômicas.

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Pathology of fatal diffuse brain injury in severe non-penetrating head trauma

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

A bibliometric analysis on traumatic brain injury in forensic medicine of a half-century (1972–2021)

A bibliometric analysis on traumatic brain injury in forensic medicine of a half-century (1972–2021)

Fingolimod improves diffuse brain injury by promoting AQP4 polarization and functional recovery of the glymphatic system

Morbimortalidade por acidentes de trânsito terrestres na Bahia entre os anos de 2011 e 2021

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