Pathology of Congenital Bovine Epizootic Arthrogryposis and Hydranencephaly and Its Relationship to Akabane Virus

Hartley, W. J.; Saram, W. G.; Della-Porta, A.J.; Snowdon, W. A.; Shepherd, N. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1977.tb00240.x

Cited by 70 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is no serological evidence of virus activity in the following years to 1978. This interpretation may be consistent with other evidence of exceptional activity by an unrelated arbovirus (Akabane) in these marginal areas in the 1974 season (Hartley et al 1977).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Occurrence of Antibody to Bluetongue Virus in New South Wales. II. Coastal Region and Age Distribution Surveys

Littlejohns¹,

Burton²

1988

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three surveys of cattle for bluetongue (BLU) antibody were conducted over the years [1978][1979][1980] in coastal areas of New South Wales. In each survey the samples were identified by age.The prevalence of BLU-group antibody, demonstrated in a gel diffusion precipitin test, was highest in the north and decreased progressively to the south. Antibody prevalence increased with age. However, according to variations in prevalence by age and region, it was concluded that the activity of relevant viruses was highly variable between years and was geographically discontinuous.Evidence is presented that much of the antibody found, especially in animals less than 4 years old, failed to persist from one year to another. Factors likely to contribute to more persistent reactions in older animals are discussed.Neutralizing antibodies to bluetongue virus serotypes 1 and 21 were demonstrated and prevalence of these was associated with location and age, as was that of group-specific antibody.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Occurrence of Antibody to Bluetongue Virus in New South Wales. II. Coastal Region and Age Distribution Surveys

Littlejohns¹,

Burton²

1988

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many different congenital defects of genetic and environmental cause (including viruses and toxins) have been reported in cattle, 10,13,14,18 but the specific cause of the spinal extradural lipomatous masses leading to focal myelodysplasia and myelodegeneration accompanied by pseudohypertrophy of the innervated musculature in this case is not known. This case illustrates the importance of careful evaluation of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves as well as of muscle in cases of pseudohypertrophy due to steatosis in livestock.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…17 Similar myopathic changes characterized by muscle atrophy and interstitial fibrous and/or adipose tissue proliferation are frequently observed with embryologic defects of the central nervous system that affect the function of motor neurons. 10,14 The majority of these cases have cerebral defects such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia or agenesis, accompanied by arthrogryposis characterized by permanent joint contracture due to neurogenic muscle fiber atrophy. 10,14 The brain in this fetus was grossly and histologically unremarkable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,14 The majority of these cases have cerebral defects such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia or agenesis, accompanied by arthrogryposis characterized by permanent joint contracture due to neurogenic muscle fiber atrophy. 10,14 The brain in this fetus was grossly and histologically unremarkable. Instead, the myopathic alterations were associated with focal dysplastic and degenerative changes in the spinal cord thought to be the result of severe spinal cord compression by lipomatous masses in the vertebral canal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy (Steatosis) in a Bovine Fetus

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Muscular pseudohypertrophy was diagnosed in the cervical musculature of a full-term crossbred Simmental fetus delivered by fetotomy. Only head and cervical regions were submitted for pathologic examination; the rest of the fetal body was reportedly normal. The neck musculature of the fetus was markedly deformed by 23 cm and 18 cm in diameter, firm, spherical masses that consisted of enlarged and pale left splenius and right serratus ventralis cervicis muscle, respectively, covered by intact skin. Additionally, lipomatous masses were present within the cervical vertebral canal, compressing the spinal cord. Microscopically, the prominent muscular enlargement was due to massive adipose and fibrous connective tissue replacement of atrophic muscle. Focal myelodysplasia and astrocytosis affecting the grey matter was detected in the mid-cervical region of the spinal cord, accompanied by degeneration in the ascending and descending tracts of the remaining cord segments. Abnormal spinal cord development as a result of severe spinal cord compression by the lipomatous masses within the spinal canal leading to replacement of muscle by fat and fibrous tissue was considered to be the cause of the muscular malformation in this fetus.

show abstract

“…Outbreaks of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in cattle in Australia have been associated with high antibody titres to Akabane virus and to Aino virus (Coverdale 1978, Hartley et al 1977. In sheep arthro-gryposis with central nervous system (CNS) malformations has been associated with Cache Valley virus infection in North America (Edwards et al 1989 Congenital arthrogryposis is described in a Murrah buffalo herd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthrogryposis in Murrah buffaloes in southern Brazil

Schild¹,

Soares²,

Damé³

et al. 2003

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sul, Brasil .] Artrogripose congênita é descrita em um rebanho de búfalos da raça Murrah. A enfermidade caracterizou-se por curvatura e rigidez articular múltipla dos membros posteriores e/ou dos quatro membros sem associação com outros defeitos exceto por um búfalo que apresentou, também, braquignatia. Histologicamente observou-se diminuição dos neurônios motores nos cornos ventrais da medula espinhal e hipoplasia dos músculos dos membros. A análi-se genealógica dos animais sugere que a doença possa ser geneticamente transmitida por um gene recessivo autossômi-co.TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Artrogripose, búfalos. INTRODUCTIONArthrogryposis is a congenital malformation characterized by curvature of the limbs, multiple articular rigidity and muscular dysplasia (Nawrot et al. 1980, Jubb et al. 1993. It is described in humans and in animals including cattle, lambs, piglets and foals. Kittens and puppies are infrequently affected (Greene et al. 1973, Mayhew 1984, Jubb et al. 1993. The extent of the malformation is variable, involving one, two, three or all four limbs and the axial skeleton. In mild cases two limbs, usually the hind, are fixed in flexion (Jubb et al. 1993).Arthrogryposis with associated malformations may be hereditary or a phenocopy of the mutant gene(s) effect produced by unknown factors (Nawrot et al. 1980). Homozygosity of a single recessive gene has been proposed as a cause of arthrogryposis in Hereford, Charolais, Jersey and German Black Pied calves (Greene et al. 1973, Nawrot et al. 1980. Arthrogryposis associated with cleft palate was found in several breeds of cattle (Leipold et al. 1970).The ingestion of Lupinus sericus and Lupinus caudatus between the 40 th and 70 th day of pregnancy cause arthrogryposis and other malformations in calves. The disease known as crooked calf disease is characterized by flexure of one or more legs and occasionally associated with palatoschisis, torticollis and scoliosis (Shupe et al. 1967).Outbreaks of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in cattle in Australia have been associated with high antibody titres to Akabane virus and to Aino virus (Coverdale 1978, Hartley et al. 1977. In sheep arthro-gryposis with central nervous system (CNS) malformations has been associated with Cache Valley virus infection in North America (Edwards et al. 1989 Congenital arthrogryposis is described in a Murrah buffalo herd. The disease was characterized by curvature and multiple articular rigidity of the hindlimbs or of all limbs without associated defects except for one case of brachygnatia. Histologically there was reduction of motor neurons from the ventral horns of the spinal cord and hypoplasia of the limb muscles. Analysis of the herd breeding records suggests that the disease is genetically transmitted by an autosomal recessive trait.INDEX TERMS: Arthrogryposis, buffalo.

show abstract

Pathology of Congenital Bovine Epizootic Arthrogryposis and Hydranencephaly and Its Relationship to Akabane Virus

Cited by 70 publications

References 14 publications

The Occurrence of Antibody to Bluetongue Virus in New South Wales. II. Coastal Region and Age Distribution Surveys

The Occurrence of Antibody to Bluetongue Virus in New South Wales. II. Coastal Region and Age Distribution Surveys

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy (Steatosis) in a Bovine Fetus

Arthrogryposis in Murrah buffaloes in southern Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About