1977
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1977.tb00240.x
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Pathology of Congenital Bovine Epizootic Arthrogryposis and Hydranencephaly and Its Relationship to Akabane Virus

Abstract: SUMMARY The 1974 epizootic of congenital bovine arthrogryposis/hydranencephaly syndrome in south‐eastern New South Wales afforded the opportunity to study the pathology, serology and virology of field cases from the outbreak. For ease of description, the lesions observed were grouped into 5 stages which possibly approximate to the gestational age of the foetus at the time of initial insult Group 1: calves born incoordinate and microscopic examination revealed a universal mild to moderate non‐suppurative acute … Show more

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Cited by 70 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…There is no serological evidence of virus activity in the following years to 1978. This interpretation may be consistent with other evidence of exceptional activity by an unrelated arbovirus (Akabane) in these marginal areas in the 1974 season (Hartley et al 1977).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…There is no serological evidence of virus activity in the following years to 1978. This interpretation may be consistent with other evidence of exceptional activity by an unrelated arbovirus (Akabane) in these marginal areas in the 1974 season (Hartley et al 1977).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…Many different congenital defects of genetic and environmental cause (including viruses and toxins) have been reported in cattle, 10,13,14,18 but the specific cause of the spinal extradural lipomatous masses leading to focal myelodysplasia and myelodegeneration accompanied by pseudohypertrophy of the innervated musculature in this case is not known. This case illustrates the importance of careful evaluation of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves as well as of muscle in cases of pseudohypertrophy due to steatosis in livestock.…”
mentioning
confidence: 84%
“…17 Similar myopathic changes characterized by muscle atrophy and interstitial fibrous and/or adipose tissue proliferation are frequently observed with embryologic defects of the central nervous system that affect the function of motor neurons. 10,14 The majority of these cases have cerebral defects such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia or agenesis, accompanied by arthrogryposis characterized by permanent joint contracture due to neurogenic muscle fiber atrophy. 10,14 The brain in this fetus was grossly and histologically unremarkable.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Outbreaks of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in cattle in Australia have been associated with high antibody titres to Akabane virus and to Aino virus (Coverdale 1978, Hartley et al 1977. In sheep arthro-gryposis with central nervous system (CNS) malformations has been associated with Cache Valley virus infection in North America (Edwards et al 1989 Congenital arthrogryposis is described in a Murrah buffalo herd.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%