Pathology Analysis of the Placenta

Bolon, Brad

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394445-0.00014-x

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Decidual cell morphology on the mesometrial side of the uterus of pregnant uninfected females was consistent with a previous description ( 42 ), these cells being large, with oval nuclei, several punctate nucleoli and pale eosinophilic cytoplasm ( Figure 1J ). In contrast, we observed that mesometrial decidua in the uterus of pregnant infected females showed edema ( Figure 1M ), extensive hemorrhagic areas full of parasitized red blood cells ( Figure 1N ) and decidual cells with pyknotic nuclei ( Figure 1K ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Zinc Protoporphyrin IX Improves Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Malaria During Early Gestation

et al. 2022

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The enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has cytoprotective effects by catalyzing the degradation of heme to produce carbon monoxide, iron and biliverdin. Furthermore, HO-1 activity has been associated with successful pregnancy. On the other hand, in the context of certain inflammatory conditions, HO-1 can induce iron overload and cell death. To investigate the role of HO-1 in gestational malaria, pregnant BALB/c mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA in early, mid and late gestation. We found that malaria affected the pregnancy outcome in the three periods evaluated. However, only poor pregnancy outcomes in early pregnancy were related to HO-1 upregulation, iron overload, lipid peroxidation and necrosis of the decidua, which were prevented by HO-1 inhibition. In conclusion, HO-1 expression must be finely tuned in gestational malaria to avoid the deleterious effect of increased enzyme activity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Zinc Protoporphyrin IX Improves Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Malaria During Early Gestation

et al. 2022

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“… a Structures are listed in the order in which they first gain a prominent role in placental structure and function. b Adapted from Pathology of the Developing Mouse: A Systematic Approach . 25 For a reference list related to these placental defects, please refer to the original table. …”

Section: Abnormal Placental Anatomy and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histology Atlas of the Developing Mouse Placenta

et al. 2021

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The use of the mouse as a model organism is common in translational research. This mouse–human similarity holds true for placental development as well. Proper formation of the placenta is vital for development and survival of the maturing embryo. Placentation involves sequential steps with both embryonic and maternal cell lineages playing important roles. The first step in placental development is formation of the blastocyst wall (approximate embryonic days [E] 3.0-3.5). After implantation (∼E4.5), extraembryonic endoderm progressively lines the inner surface of the blastocyst wall (∼E4.5-5.0), forming the yolk sac that provides histiotrophic support to the embryo; subsequently, formation of the umbilical vessels (∼E8.5) supports transition to the chorioallantoic placenta and hemotrophic nutrition. The fully mature (“definitive”) placenta is established by ∼E12.5. Abnormal placental development often leads to embryonic mortality, with the timing of death depending on when placental insufficiency takes place and which cells are involved. This comprehensive macroscopic and microscopic atlas highlights the key features of normal and abnormal mouse placental development from E4.5 to E18.5. This in-depth overview of a transient (and thus seldom-analyzed) developmental tissue should serve as a useful reference to aid researchers in identifying and describing mouse placental changes in engineered, induced, and spontaneous disease models.

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“…The labyrinth zone rests atop the flat, broad chorionic plate and is a thick vascular plate that serves as the terminus for the umbilical cord 10 . It is composed of the maternal sinusoids, trophoblastic septa, and fetal capillaries.…”

Section: Embryology Morphology and Physiology Of The Rat Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and physiology of rat placenta for toxicological evaluation

2019

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The placenta plays a pivotal role in fetal growth, and placental dysfunction and injury are associated with embryo/fetal toxicity. Histological examination of the rat placenta for safety evaluation provides valuable clues to the mechanisms of this toxicity. However, the placenta has specific and complex biological features unlike those of other organs, and placental structure dramatically changes depending on the time during the gestation period. Thus, time-dependent histopathological examination of the rat placenta should be performed based on the understanding of normal developmental changes in morphology and function. The placentas of rats and humans are both anatomically classified as discoid and hemochorial types. However, there are differences between rats and humans in terms of placental histological structure, the fetal-maternal interface, and the function of the yolk sac. Therefore, extrapolation of placental toxicity from rats to humans should be done cautiously in the evaluation of risk factors. This review describes the development, morphology, physiology, and toxicological features of the rat placenta and the differences between the rat and human placenta to enable accurate evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxicity in studies.

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Pathology Analysis of the Placenta

Cited by 10 publications

References 92 publications

Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Zinc Protoporphyrin IX Improves Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Malaria During Early Gestation

Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Zinc Protoporphyrin IX Improves Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Malaria During Early Gestation

Histology Atlas of the Developing Mouse Placenta

Morphology and physiology of rat placenta for toxicological evaluation

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