Pathologies of the appendix: a 10‐year review of 4670 appendicectomy specimens

Chandrasegaram, Manju D.; Rothwell, Lincoln; An, Ethan I.; Miller, Rose

doi:10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06185.x

Cited by 74 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, similar results were obtained , Kalliakmanis et al 9 and Chandrasegaram et al 10 Those series stated that appendicitis is higher in the second decade. However, different results are concluded by Makaju et al 4 and Zulfikar et al…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Nonspecific symptoms and laboratories, delayed admission, communication problems, and socioeconomic factors were hypothesized to be the cause of higher perforation rate, especially in younger age and elderly. 3,19 There were two distinctive patterns of perforated appendicitis in this study, consistent with the study conducted by Chandrasegaram et al 10 which showed gradual decrease of perforation rate from the first to third decade and an advance of perforation rate with age. The latter can be seen in this study by the consistent high rates of perforation in >30 years groups.…”

Section: 17supporting

confidence: 81%

“…Some studies concluded similar results, with the incidence of chronic appendicitis ranged from 0.58% to 6.55%. 4,11,14,16 This study found that the incidence of acute appendicitis peaked in the 10 to 19 years group and was gradually decreasing afterwards, consistent with the result concluded by Chandrasegaram et al 10 Female population was predominant both in acute and chronic appendicitis.…”

Section: 7supporting

confidence: 80%

“…19 Studies conducted by Chamisa et al 2 , Chandrasegaram et al 10 , Shrestha et al 13 and Barreto et al 19 however, did not obtain the same outcome. The series observed perforated appendicitis is more commonly seen in female.…”

Section: 17mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…[2][3][4][5]10,11 Histopathologic examination is a gold standard for diagnosing appendicitis. 5 It serves two purposes, which are to confirm the diagnosis and to disclose any additional pathology that may be unseen in surgeries but can affect the management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathologic Distribution of Appendicitis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2012

Zhafira¹,

Yulianti²,

Wastaman³

2017

amj

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Background: Appendicitis is a medical emergency and a common cause of emergency surgeries worldwide. Its frequency is varied based on many factors, including age and sex. Histopathologic examination is a gold standard for diagnosis, and complications like gangrene formation and perforation lead to high mortality and morbidity in almost all age groups. This study was conducted to describe the distribution pattern of appendicitis according to age, sex, and histopathologic type. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology Anatomy, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from August-October 2013. Secondary data were obtained from medical records of January 1st to December 31st, 2012. A total of 503 out of 516 cases were included to be reviewed. Age, sex, and histopathologic type from medical records were then evaluated. Any specific case and perforation were also noted. Results: Data showed the highest prevalence of appendicitis occurred in the 10-19 age group (28.4%) and in the female group (52.3%). Acute appendicitis was more common than chronic appendicitis in both sexes and all age groups. Perforation rate was high (41.4%), and was more prevalent in male (54.9%) and in the 0-9 age group (65.7%). Conclusions: Appendicitis, both acute and chronic, is more distributed in the second decade, and is slightly more prevalent in females. Acute cases are more common than chronic. Perforation rate is significant and peaks in the first decade and in males. [AMJ.2017;4(1):36-41]

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: 17supporting

confidence: 81%

Section: 7supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: 17mentioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathologic Distribution of Appendicitis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2012

Zhafira¹,

Yulianti²,

Wastaman³

2017

amj

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Association Between NEDD4L Variation and the Genetic Risk of Acute Appendicitis

et al. 2021

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The familial aspect of acute appendicitis (AA) has been proposed, but its hereditary basis remains undetermined.OBJECTIVE To identify genomic variants associated with AA. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis genome-wide association study, conducted from June 21, 2019, to February 4, 2020, used a multi-institutional biobank to retrospectively identify patients with AA across 8 single-nucleotide variation (SNV) genotyping batches. The study also examined differential gene expression in appendiceal tissue samples between patients with AA and controls using the GSE9579 data set in the National Institutes of Health's Gene Expression Omnibus repository. Statistical analysis was conducted from October 1, 2019, to February 4, 2020.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Single-nucleotide variations with a minor allele frequency of 5% or higher were tested for association with AA using a linear mixed model. The significance threshold was set at P = 5 × 10 −8 .RESULTS A total of 29 706 patients (15 088 women [50.8%]; mean [SD] age at enrollment, 60.1 [17.0] years) were included, 1743 of whom had a history of AA. The genomic inflation factor for the cohort was 1.003. A previously unknown SNV at chromosome 18q was found to be associated with AA (rs9953918: odds ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-1.00; P = 4.48 × 10 −8 ). This SNV is located in an intron of the NEDD4L gene. The heritability of appendicitis was estimated at 30.1%. Gene expression data from appendiceal tissue donors identified NEDD4L to be among the most differentially expressed genes (14 of 22 216 genes; β [SE] = −2.71 [0.44]; log fold change = −1.69; adjusted P = .04). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThis study identified SNVs within the NEDD4L gene as being associated with AA. Nedd4l is involved in the ubiquitination of intestinal ion channels and decreased Nedd4l activity may be implicated in the pathogenesis of AA. These findings can improve the understanding of the genetic predisposition to and pathogenesis of AA.

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