E varts A. Graham performed the first successful pneumonectomy at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, MO on April 5, 1933. [1] Pneumonectomy is primarily indicated for the surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancers when parenchymal-sparing resections are not feasible due to tumor anatomy and extension. [2] It is associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates compared to other pulmonary anatomical resections. [3] Complication and mortality rates showed a diverse pattern in the literature with a rate between 38-59% and 3-12%, respectively. [4][5][6] Older age, cardiopulmonary diseases, right pneumonectomy, limited pulmonary functions and smoking status are the major risk factors for postoperative complications. Occasionally, a pneumonectomy is indicated to treat patients with infectious lung disease. [7,8] Classical indications for pneumonectomy of the infectious diseases can be listed as; tuberculosis, cystic bronchiectasis, suppurative lung diseases and opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. [9] Pneumonectomy for infec-Objectives: Pneumectomy is associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes compared with other types of pulmonary resections. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors for post-operative complications in patients who undergo a pneumonectomy for infectious lung diseases. Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional study that includes 61 patients who were operated on by the Thoracic Surgeons from