Pathological effects of Cichlidogyrus philander Douëllou, 1993 (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae) on the gills of Pseudocrenilabrus philander (Weber, 1897) (Cichlidae)

Abstract

Histopathological changes of Cichlidogyrus philander Douëllou, 1993 on the gills of Pseudocrenilabrus philander (Weber, 1897) were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Observations revealed that C. philander attaches to its host by alternating the prohaptor (for temporary attachment or feeding) or haptor (using haptoral parts for firm and secured attachment). The sharp terminal ends of the anchors are inserted basally into the gill lamella, between two adjacent secondary gill lamellae and the marginal hooklets assist by superficially penetrating, holding and lifting epithelial tissue in the proximal region of the secondary gill lamella. The attachment of C. philander resulted in compression, rupturing of the interlamellar epithelium, change in the organization of epithelial cells in both primary and secondary gill lamella, displacement of the extracellular cartilaginous matrix, occasional rupturing of blood vessels and erythrocytes and some cells becoming ill‐defined. At the site of attachment, the host response comprises of hyperplasia, increase in the number of mucous cells and infiltration with neutrophils. It was concluded that the effect of C. philander is mild in natural conditions.

Somewhere I belong: phylogeny and morphological evolution in a species-rich lineage of ectoparasitic flatworms infecting cichlid fishes

“…Recent advances in immunological (Zhi et al . 2018), pathological (Igeh and Avenant-Oldewage 2020), genomic (Vanhove et al . 2018; Caña-Bozada et al .…”

“…The cichlid-Cichlidogyrus species network has even been proposed as model system for macroevolutionary research in host-parasite systems Vanhove et al, 2016) because of this diversity. Recent advances in immunological (Zhi et al, 2018), pathological (Igeh and Avenant Oldewage, 2020), genomic (Vanhove et al, 2018;Caña-Bozada et al, 2021), and microscopy research (Fannes et al, 2015) have brought the vision of a cichlid-Cichlidogyrus model system closer to reality (see Cruz-Laufer et al, 2020 for a detailed review of model system qualities).…”

Histopathological alterations caused by monogenean parasites the gills of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Serrasalmidae)

“…The pathogenicity can vary among species and in depending on infection levels. Igeh & Avenant-Oldewage (2020) Essa infecção causou deslocamento do epitélio branquial, hiperplasia focal das células epiteliais, fusão lamelar, congestão e encurtamento das lamelas secundárias das brânquias, além de uma fusão completa das lamelas secundárias. Porém, essas alterações teciduais são lesões reversíveis e pontuais, que podem não comprometer o funcionamento normal das brânquias.…”

“…Moderate infestation of Gyrodactylus cichlidarum Paperna, 1968 caused a swelling of the apex of the primary and secondary lamellae with hyperplasia in the gills of Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus 1756, with the presence of a large number of undifferentiated proliferating cells, hypertrophy and interlamellar necrosis, which lead to mortality (Grano-Maldonado et al, 2018). In the gills of Pseudocrenilabrus philander Weber, 1897, attachment of Cichlidogyrus philander Douëllou, 1993 resulted in compression, rupturing of the interlamellar epithelium, change in the organization of epithelial cells in both primary and secondary lamella, displacement of the extracellular cartilaginous matrix, occasional rupturing of blood vessels and erythrocytes, cellular infiltration and hyperplasia (Igeh & Avenant-Oldewage, 2020). Parasitic infections by monogeneans are common in farmed and wild fish populations of various environments.…”

The cichlid–Cichlidogyrus network: a blueprint for a model system of parasite evolution

“…Additional host endpoints will further increase the data resolution of the proposed model system, and can be found in studies focussing on the pathology (e.g. Igeh & Avenant Oldewage, 2020) and immunology (e.g. Zhi et al, 2018) of monogenean infections or the effects of human activity on the disease ecology (e.g.…”