Pathological characterization of pulmonary lesion and identification of associated bacteria and parasite infection in sheep and goat slaughtered at Dessie municipal abattoir, North-East Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Lung is susceptible and vulnerable to many infectious and non-infectious agents. From this, a large number of specific and nonspecific diseases conditions can be diagnosed. A cross-sectional study design was conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 on major pulmonary lesion of sheep and goat slaughtered at Dessie municipal abattoir with the objective of characterizing the pulmonary pathological lesions, and isolating and identifying potential aerobic bacteria and parasite from pneumonic lung. Materials and Methods A total of 420 (302 sheep and 118 goats) were examined for gross lung lesions and histopathological investigation using standard techniques. Additionally, detailed pathological investigation was conducted on purposively selected lung lesions. Besides, pneumonic lesions were subjected to routine bacteriological and parasitological analysis. Results The overall abattoir prevalence of pulmonary abnormalities in sheep and goat was 81.2% (341/420). The common gross lesions encountered were Pneumonia (55.5%), emphysema (7.1%), atelectasis (3.3%), Hydatid cyst (4.3%), congestion (2.4%), haemorrhage (3.1%), Anthracosis (0.9%), adhesion (0.7%), and Bronchoectasis (0.7%) respectively. Pneumonia, hydatidosis, and pulmonary emphysema were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with animal age groups. Pneumonia was the most common disorder, accounting for 233 (55.5%). Dictyocaulus filaria (47.7%), Mullerius capillaries (23.2%) and Protostrongylus rufescens (17.16%) were isolated lung worm parasites; whereas E. coli (20.6%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (12.7%), Mannheimia haemolytica (10.8%), Streptococcus species (4.9%), Staphylococcus aurous (7.8%) and Pasteurella multocida (2.9%), Pseudomonas (6.9%), Proteus (1.9%) and Cornybacterium (1%) were the isolated bacteria. Moreover, 18 (4.3%) Hydatid cysts were identified by cyst viability test. The pulmonary disorder of sheep and goats in the study are relatively high prevalent and posing great health and economic impacts. Conclusion Pulmonary infection with different agents is very common in the study areas. Feasible and affordable control measures and using latest diagnostic techniques like molecular detections of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, is necessary.

Evaluating zoonotic metacestodes: gross and histopathological alterations of beef in north–west Ethiopia one health approach for meat inspection and animal management

“…Following appropriate fixation, samples of tissues with cystic lesion types from the liver, kidney, and tongue have been sliced, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol in increasing grades, cleaned in xylene, impregnated with melted paraffin wax, and embedded. Tissue slices, about 4–5 μm thick, were cut and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) by protocol ( 17 , 20 , 21 ). Under a light microscope with low to high powers of magnification (4–40×), stained slides were mounted using Distrene plasticizer/Dibutyl phthalate xylene (DPX), and photomicrographs were then taken for documentation.…”