Pathological and immunohistochemical study of chickens with co-infection of Marek's disease virus and chicken anaemia virus

Haridy, Mohie; Goryo, Masanobu; Sasaki, Jun; Okada, Kōsuke

doi:10.1080/03079450903349162

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Monoclonal antibodies were diluted to predetermined optimal dilutions in Dako REAL TM antibody diluent (Tris buffer, pH 7.2, containing 15 mmol/l NaN 3, protein; Code S2022, Dako, Glostrup, Denmark). The avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method for immunoperoxidase staining was carried out to detect CAV antigen [9]. Slides were covered with antiserum to CAV diluted 1:100 in a humid chamber at 4°C overnight and then incubated with biotinylated goat anti-chicken IgG (Vector Labs, Peterborough, England) diluted 1:100 in PBS for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pathological and Immunohistochemical Studies of Subclinical Infection of Chicken Anemia Virus in 4-Week-Old Chickens

Haridy

Sasaki

Ikezawa

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Subclinical infection of chicken anemia virus (CAV) at 4 to 6 weeks of age, after maternal antibodies have waned, is implicated in several field problems in broiler flocks. In order to understand the pathogenesis of subclinical infection with CAV, an immunopathological study of CAV-inoculated 4-week-old SPF chickens was performed. Sixty 4-week-old SPF chickens were equally divided into CAV and control groups. The CAV group was inoculated intramuscularly with the MSB1-TK5803 strain of CAV. Neither mortality nor anemia was detected in the CAV and control groups. In the CAV group, no signs were observed, except that some chickens were grossly smaller compared with the control group. Sporadic thymus lobes appeared to be reddening and atrophied. Within the first two weeks p.i. of CAV, there was a mild to moderate depletion of lymphocytes in the thymus cortex and spleen in some chickens. Moreover, lymphoid depletion of the bursa of Fabricius, proventriculus and cecal tonsils was observed. Hyperplastic lymphoid foci were observed in the liver, lungs, kidneys and heart at the 4th week p.i. of CAV. Immunohistochemically, a moderate lymphoid depletion of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the thymus cortex and spleen was observed in some chickens within two weeks p.i. of CAV. CAV inclusions and antigens were detected infrequently in the thymus cortex and spleen. It could be concluded that the immunosuppression in subclinical infection with CAV occurs as a result of reduction of cellular immunity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiserum to CAV was raised as previously described [9] for detection of CAV antigen. The CT4 and CT8 monoclonal antibodies (Southern Biotechnology Associates Inc., Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.) were used to recognize chicken homologues of CD4 and CD8α, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological and Immunohistochemical Studies of Subclinical Infection of Chicken Anemia Virus in 4-Week-Old Chickens

Haridy

Sasaki

Ikezawa

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Especially, the morbidity and mortality were considerably enhanced when chicks are dually infected with CAV and MDV, REV, or infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), probably because of the virus-induced immunosuppression [29][30][31][32][33]. Table 1 showed the infection type of samples collected in 2015, out of all the 72 CAVpositive samples, there were 35 (48.6%) samples were detected as MDV positive (18 dual infection; 15 triple infection; 2 quadruple infection), but other viral pathogens showed a similar ratio that was not particularly high, therefore, meaning MDV and CAV were the most common co-infection type in this investigation, as believed that outbreaks of MD in birds most are linked with CAV co-infection [34], which should arouse more attention. It is known that with CAV infected commercial chickens, lymphocytic depletion of the bursa often leads to lymphocytic depletion of the thymus [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Molecular epidemiology of chicken anaemia virus in sick chickens in China from 2014 to 2015

et al. 2019

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Chicken anaemia virus (CAV), a member of the genus Gyrovirus, is the etiological agent of chicken infectious anaemia. CAV infects bone marrow-derived cells, resulting in severe anaemia and immunosuppression in young chickens and a compromised immune response in older birds. We investigated the molecular epidemiology of CAV in sick chickens in China from 2014 to 2015 and showed that the CAV-positive rate was 13.30%, in which mixed infection (55.56%) was the main type of infection. We isolated and identified 15 new CAV strains using different methods including indirect immunofluorescence assay and Western Blotting. We used overlapping polymerase chain reaction to map the whole genome of the strains. Phylogenetic analyses of the obtained sequences and related sequences available in GenBank generated four distinct groups (A–D). We built phylogenetic trees using predicted viral protein (VP) sequences. Unlike CAV VP2s and VP3s that were well conserved, the diversity of VP1s indicated that the new strains were virulent. Our epidemiological study provided new insights into the prevalence of CAV in clinical settings in recent years in China.

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“…HGyV could not be detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples, nasopharyngeal aspirates, or fecal samples from children [16]. However, CAV infects a wide range of cell types and has been associated with the worsening of pathologies caused by other viral and bacterial agents [38,39,40]. The absence of HGyV genomes in the respiratory specimens (nasal and throat swabs) derived from adults with ILI and ARI in the present study supports the idea that HGyV may not replicate in the cells of the respiratory tract and may not be associated with respiratory diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Viruses and Torque Teno Virus in Adults with Acute Respiratory Infections

Prasetyo¹,

Desyardi²,

Tanamas³

et al. 2015

Intervirology

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Objective: To define the molecular epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in adult patients. Methods: Nasal and throat swabs were collected from all adult patients with influenza-like illness (ILI), acute respiratory infection (ARI), or severe ARI (SARI) admitted to a tertiary hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia, between March 2010 and April 2011 and analyzed for 19 respiratory viruses and for torque teno virus (TTV) and human gyrovirus (HGyV). Results: Respiratory viruses were detected in 61.3% of the subjects, most of whom had ARI (90.8%, OR = 11.39), were hospitalized (96.9%, OR = 22.31), had asthma exacerbation (90.9%, OR = 8.67), and/or had pneumonia (80%, OR = 4.0). Human rhinovirus (HRV) A43 predominated. Influenza A H3N2, human metapneumovirus (HMPV) subtypes A1 and A2, the influenza B virus, human adenovirus B, and human coronavirus OC43 were also detected. All respiratory viruses were detected in the transition month between the rainy and dry seasons. No mixed respiratory virus infection was found. Coinfections of the influenza A H3N2 virus with TTV, HMPV with TTV, HRV with TTV, and human parainfluenza virus-3 with TTV were found in 4.7, 2.8, 19.8, and 0.9% of the samples, respectively. Conclusions: This study highlights the need to perform routine detection of respiratory viruses in adults hospitalized with ARI, asthma exacerbation, and/or pneumonia.

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Pathological and immunohistochemical study of chickens with co-infection of Marek's disease virus and chicken anaemia virus

Cited by 39 publications

References 35 publications

Pathological and Immunohistochemical Studies of Subclinical Infection of Chicken Anemia Virus in 4-Week-Old Chickens

Pathological and Immunohistochemical Studies of Subclinical Infection of Chicken Anemia Virus in 4-Week-Old Chickens

Molecular epidemiology of chicken anaemia virus in sick chickens in China from 2014 to 2015

Respiratory Viruses and Torque Teno Virus in Adults with Acute Respiratory Infections

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