Pathogens and Predators of Ticks and Their Potential in Biological Control

Samish, Michael; Rehácek, J

doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.44.1.159

Cited by 215 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 99 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

128

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This result implies that wet summers might actually prove detrimental to immature blacklegged ticks, perhaps by enhancing the abundance or efficacy of natural enemies. Entomopathogenic soil fungi (Metarhizium and Beauveria), which seem capable of controlling blacklegged tick populations under some conditions (Samish andRehacek 1999, Benjamin et al 2002), might benefit from high summer precipitation and subsequently might reduce tick abundance. Recently, Chase and Knight (2003) found that wet conditions supported predators and competitors capable of reducing wetland mosquito populations, with the surprising result that mosquito populations were more abundant following dry than wet years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on Subak (2003) and Jones and Kitron (2000), we expected a priori that Lyme disease risk would be positively correlated with each of these weather variables except TSP1. High TSP1 could enhance Lyme disease risk by reducing desiccation of larval ticks, but it could also possibly foster fungi and other natural enemies of ticks (Samish and Rehacek 1999). Unlike acorn and mouse 6 ͗http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/climatedata.html͘ data, which were recorded at a single Dutchess County site, weather data were available for each state individually ( Fig.…”

Section: Weather Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

What Is the Best Predictor of Annual Lyme Disease Incidence: Weather, Mice, or Acorns?

Schauber

Ostfeld

Evans

2005

Ecological Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Predicting fluctuations in annual risk of Lyme disease would be useful in focusing public health efforts. However, several competing hypotheses have been proposed that point to weather variables, acorn production, or mouse abundance as important predictors of Lyme disease risk. We compared the ability of acorn production, mouse density, and four relevant weather variables to predict annual Lyme disease incidence (detrended) between 1992 and 2002 for Dutchess County, New York, and seven states in the northeastern United States. Acorn production and mouse abundance measured in Dutchess County were the strongest predictors (r ≥ 0.78) of Dutchess County Lyme disease incidence, but the increase in mouse abundance from 1991 to 1992 was contrary to a decrease in Lyme disease in the following years. The Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI) was a significant positive predictor of Lyme disease incidence two years later for three states (0.58 ≤ r ≤ 0.88), but summer precipitation was generally negatively correlated with Lyme disease incidence the next year (−0.79 ≤ r ≤ 0.02). Mean temperatures for the prior winter or summer showed weak or inconsistent correlations with Lyme disease incidence. In four states, no variable was a statistically significant predictor of Lyme disease incidence. Synchrony in Lyme disease incidence between pairs of states was not significantly concordant with synchrony in any weather variable that we examined (0.02 ≤ r ≤ 0.21). We found that acorns and mice were strong predictors of Dutchess County Lyme disease incidence, but their predictive power appeared to be weaker spatially. Moreover, evidence was weak for causal relationships between Lyme disease incidence and the weather variables that we tested. Reliable prediction of Lyme disease incidence may require the identification of new predictors or combinations of biotic and abiotic predictors and may be limited to local scales.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Weather Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Best Predictor of Annual Lyme Disease Incidence: Weather, Mice, or Acorns?

Schauber

Ostfeld

Evans

2005

Ecological Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shrews seem to locate hidden ticks by their smell. Mice and rats are often cited as preying on ticks [39]. However, it is worth to mention here that it is not advisable to use rodents for controlling insects as they are more harmful and transmit more diseases than insects.…”

Section: Rodents and Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control of Parasites

Kwenti¹

2017

Natural Remedies in the Fight Against Parasites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parasites (ectoparasites or endoparasites) are a major cause of diseases in man, his livestock and crops, leading to poor yield and great economic loss. To overcome some of the major limitations of chemical control methods such as rising resistance, environmental and health risks, and the adverse effect on non-target organisms, biological control (biocontrol) is now at the forefront of parasite (pests) control. Biocontrol is now a core component of the integrated pest management. Biocontrol is defined as "the study and uses of parasites, predators and pathogens for the regulation of host (pest) densities". Considerable successes have been achieved in the implementation of biocontrol strategies in the past. This chapter presents a review of the history of biocontrol, its advantages and disadvantages; the different types of biological control agents (BCAs) including predators, parasites (parasitoids) and pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses and virus-like particles, protozoa and nematodes); the effect of biocontrol on native biodiversity; a few case studies of the successful implementation of biocontrol methods and the challenges encountered with the implementation of biocontrol and future perspectives.

show abstract

“…fungus, entomogenous nematodes, vegetal extracts, volatile oils, etc.) (Borges et al, 2011;Chagas de Souza et al, 2012;Kaaya et al, 1996;Kaaya et al, 2000;Jongejan and Uilenberg, 1994;Samish and Rehacek, 1999;Zahir and Rahuman, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotherapeutic activity of <i>Euphorbia cyparissias</i> extracts on <i>Ixodidae (Acari)</i> female ticks

Cristina¹,

Morariu²,

Cernea³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Given its numerous biologically active components, Euphorbiaceae has been found to be a large plant family and polyvalent with quite interesting therapeutic activity that can be studied. Materials and Methods:The ixodicidal activity of Euphorbia cyparissias extracts was studied in vitro and in vivo. Tested concentrations were 10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.25%. Results: For the in vitro study, conducted on field-collected female specimens of Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis punctata, the efficacy results showed that the ticks died after exposure in the case of 10, 5, and 2% tincture concentrations. The effects appeared after 30 minutes and became more visible 120 minutes after each exposure. The statistical differences regarding the used concentrations were found to be: F = 6.51, df = 5, P < 0.001. The in vivo study of the efficacy of E. cyparissias concentrations was performed on 35 naturally infested sheep and on 30 bovines parasitized with Ixodes ricinus, sprayed with tincture and glycerinate dilutions (bovines) on days 0 and 7. The results revealed detrimental effects on the survivability of female ticks, the most prominent being the reduction of their movement capacity. In sheep in vivo efficiency observed within 24 hrs varied, between 1 and 23% for D. marginatus and between 7 and 27% for H. punctata and respectively between 2 and 53% after 24 hrs, for I. ricinus, comparable effects being also found 72 hrs after the second administration of Euphorbia extracts. Conclusion:Extracts from E. cyparissias may be used, with results, as an ecologic alternative tick control management method, being a cheap solution, with a sizeable role in reducing the use of synthetic and/or other harming and resistance source ixodicidal conditionings.

show abstract

Pathogens and Predators of Ticks and Their Potential in Biological Control

Cited by 215 publications

References 99 publications

What Is the Best Predictor of Annual Lyme Disease Incidence: Weather, Mice, or Acorns?

What Is the Best Predictor of Annual Lyme Disease Incidence: Weather, Mice, or Acorns?

Biological Control of Parasites

Phytotherapeutic activity of <i>Euphorbia cyparissias</i> extracts on <i>Ixodidae (Acari)</i> female ticks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About