Pathogenicity of Shiga Toxin Type 2e Escherichia coli in Pig Colibacillosis

Abstract

Shiga toxin type 2e (Stx2e) Escherichia coli is the causative factor of diarrhea and edema in swine. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of Stx2e-producing E. coli isolates and to characterize isolates from clinical cases of pig colibacillosis and healthy swine. During the 11 years of the study (2006-2017), a total of 233 Stx2e-producing isolates were detected−230 out of 2,060 (11.16%) E. coli isolated from diseased pigs and 3 out of 171 (1.75%) from healthy swine. Stx2e-producing isolates were indeed more present in clinical colibacillosis cases than in healthy pigs (p = 0.0002). The predominant serogroup was O139 (79.82%) and the most common fimbrial factor present in these isolates was F18 (177 isolates), followed by F6 (5 isolates). The enterotoxins LTI, STa, and STb were detected in 10.43, 41.73, and 48.26% of the isolates, respectively. The predominant virotypes F18-Stx2e and-STa-STb-Stx2e were similarly present in weaners (33.33 and 35.52%) and finishers (38.30 and 25.53%). Among isolates from diseased pigs, O139 and F18 were the more frequently identified serogroup and virulence factor, respectively. Of the tested 230 Stx2e-producing isolates isolated from diseased pigs, 29 (12.60%) harbored genes encoding ESBL, particularly TEM (79.30%), CTX-M1 (17.20%), and CMY-2 (3.40%). Antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline was the most common characteristic (98.25%), followed by ampicillin (93.91%), cephalotin (90.43%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.17%). Our results showed that Stx2e-producing E. coli were more frequently associated with clinical forms of colibacillosis, with minimal probability to isolate these isolates from healthy pigs.

ESBL/AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli in Wild Boar: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

“…In Figure S1 the agarose gel electrophoresis analysis of each specific genes, bla CTX-M , bla SHV , bla TEM and bla CMY , is shown. All the amplicons found to be positive for bla TEM and bla SHV were sequenced [25].…”

Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli in Domestic Dogs: Spread, Characterisation and Associated Risk Factors

“…The amplification parameters were set as follows: 95 • C for 3 min, followed by 30 cycles at 95 • C for 30 s, 59 • C for 30 s, and 72 • C for 1 min, and a final extension phase of 72 • C for 7 min. All amplicons found to be positive for bla TEM and bla SHV were sequenced [53]. Sequences were deposited in NCBI GenBank with accession numbers from OK037506 to OK037530 for bla TEM and from OK037531 to OK037534 for bla SHV .…”

Stimbiotic Supplementation Alleviates Poor Performance and Gut Integrity in Weaned Piglets Induced by Challenge with E. coli

“…STEC is known to be a major pathogen causing diarrhea, but there is insufficient research validating what causes PWD [ 21 ]. Therefore, we conducted experiments to verify the effects of STEC, which induce PWD.…”