Pathogenicity of Phytophthora× alni Isolates Obtained from Symptomatic Trees, Soil and Water against Alder

Trzewik, A.; Maciorowski, Robert; Orlikowska, T.

doi:10.3390/f13010020

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Alder trees situated around riverbanks and flood plains have greater exposure to infection as the soil-borne pathogen spreads through water, infecting Alder bark and the roots, thus spreading the disease to a greater extent [ 3 , 4 ]. The pathogen spreads via streams, irrigation, flooding events, canals, drainage water, and other pathways via water systems [ 113 ]. Alternative pathways may include the plantation of Alder that originated from an affected nursery, human recreational activities, as well as animal activity [ 23 ].…”

Section: Microbial Pathogens Of Alder Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Good, the Bad, and the Useable Microbes within the Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) Microbiome—Potential Bio-Agents to Combat Alder Dieback

Fuller,

Germaine,

Rathore

2023

Microorganisms

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Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) is a tree species native to Ireland and Europe with high economic and ecological importance. The presence of Alder has many benefits including the ability to adapt to multiple climate types, as well as aiding in ecosystem restoration due to its colonization capabilities within disturbed soils. However, Alder is susceptible to infection of the root rot pathogen Phytophthora alni, amongst other pathogens associated with this tree species. P. alni has become an issue within the forestry sector as it continues to spread across Europe, infecting Alder plantations, thus affecting their growth and survival and altering ecosystem dynamics. Beneficial microbiota and biocontrol agents play a crucial role in maintaining the health and resilience of plants. Studies have shown that beneficial microbes promote plant growth as well as aid in the protection against pathogens and abiotic stress. Understanding the interactions between A. glutinosa and its microbiota, both beneficial and pathogenic, is essential for developing integrated management strategies to mitigate the impact of P. alni and maintain the health of Alder trees. This review is focused on collating the relevant literature associated with Alder, current threats to the species, what is known about its microbial composition, and Common Alder–microbe interactions that have been observed worldwide to date. It also summarizes the beneficial fungi, bacteria, and biocontrol agents, underpinning genetic mechanisms and secondary metabolites identified within the forestry sector in relation to the Alder tree species. In addition, biocontrol mechanisms and microbiome-assisted breeding as well as gaps within research that require further attention are discussed.

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Section: Microbial Pathogens Of Alder Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Good, the Bad, and the Useable Microbes within the Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) Microbiome—Potential Bio-Agents to Combat Alder Dieback

Fuller,

Germaine,

Rathore

2023

Microorganisms

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“…The most devastating plant pathogen on alder is the P. alni complex, which includes three taxa: P. × alni , P. uniformis and P. × multiformis [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The first of them is described as the most aggressive to alder species, whereas the other two are less pathogenic and rarely isolated in Europe [ 4 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora polonica and Phytophthora hydropathica from Clade 9 Associated with Alder Decline in Bulgaria

Christova

2024

Life

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A number of Phytophthora species have been identified as destructive plant pathogens and invasive species. They have the potential to affect a wide range of host plants and cause diseases in agricultural and forest ecosystems. Two Phytophthora species from rhizosphere soil samples collected from declining Alnus glutinosa in Bulgaria were isolated in the autumn of 2022. They were identified as Phytophthora polonica and Phytophthora hydropathica according to the DNA sequence analysis of the ITS region, as well as their morphological and physiological characteristics. The pathogenicity of both species to common and gray alder was evaluated by the inoculation of detached leaves and cuttings. Experimental data proved that P. polonica and P. hydropathica are able to cause leaf necrosis not only on A. glutinosa from which they were derived, but also on A. incana. No significant deference in the aggressiveness of the studied isolates from both Phytophthora species against the two tested plants was observed. Therefore, P. polonica and P. hydropathica were determined as potential threats for alder ecosystems in the country. This is the first report for the isolation of P. polonica in Bulgaria and represents the most southeastern point of the species distribution in Europe.

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Phytosanitary assessment of black and grey alder stands in Latvia

Kļaviņa,

Striķe,

Ciseļonoka

et al. 2023

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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Pathogenicity of Phytophthora× alni Isolates Obtained from Symptomatic Trees, Soil and Water against Alder

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

The Good, the Bad, and the Useable Microbes within the Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) Microbiome—Potential Bio-Agents to Combat Alder Dieback

The Good, the Bad, and the Useable Microbes within the Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) Microbiome—Potential Bio-Agents to Combat Alder Dieback

Phytophthora polonica and Phytophthora hydropathica from Clade 9 Associated with Alder Decline in Bulgaria

Phytosanitary assessment of black and grey alder stands in Latvia

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