Pathogenicity of Ilyonectria liriodendri and Dactylonectria macrodidyma propagules in grapevines

Probst, Chantal M.; Ridgway, Hayley J.; Jaspers, Marlene V.; Jones, E. Eirian

doi:10.1007/s10658-018-01664-0

Cited by 12 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The influence of a plant host on these processes is unknown and warrants further studies. Probst et al (2019) showed that an inoculum of the black foot pathogens D. macrodidyma and I. liriodendri produced from mycelialcolonised barley grain resulted in infection of grapevine rootstocks. However, results from the current study suggest that mycelial inoculum is transient and undergoes lysis in soil or converts into chlamydospores with conidia being an intermediate stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For I. liriodendri, the inoculum levels reduced from 10 5 conidia/g soil to less than 5% (equivalent to 5 × 10 3 conidia/g soil) after 1 week, but remained constant at this level over a period of 6 weeks, while that of D. macrodidyma was reduced below the detection level of 1.9 × 10 3 conidia/g soil after 6 weeks. Although the inoculum concentration in soil decreases rapidly it is still likely to be sufficient to cause infection, especially where wounded or incompletely callused grapevine planting material is used (Probst et al 2019). However, how different physiochemical soil factors, such soil types, pH, soil moisture or nutrient availability affect the propagules in soil is unclear and warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black foot pathogens are reported to have similar disease cycles, with grapevine roots and stem bases infected by pathogen propagules or infected host debris remaining in the soil after the removal of infected plants (Agustí-Brisach & Armengol 2013). Recent work has shown that all propagules (chlamydospores, conidia and mycelium colonised organic material) of I. liriodendri and D. macrodidyma are able to infect grapevine rootstocks when inoculated and planted in potting mix (Probst et al 2019). However, mycelial inoculum is likely to be transient in soil in the absence of a suitable substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of mycelial and conidial propagules of Ilyonectria and Dactylonectria species in soil

Probst

Crabbe

Ridgway

et al. 2019

NZPP

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Black foot disease of grapevines causes significant economic loss to the viticulture industry worldwide. A novel method was developed to investigate the fate of propagules of three species associated with black foot disease in New Zealand, Dactylonectria macrodidyma, Ilyonectria europaea and I. liriodendri, in soil. Conidia or mycelium of one isolate each of the three species were buried in soil in nylon mesh bags, and conidia/chlamydospore numbers were determined microscopically after 2 and 3 weeks. Conidia and chlamydospores were produced by mycelial inocula of all isolates, with greater numbers of chlamydospores after 3 weeks. Conidial inocula of all isolates also produced chlamydospores. Chlamydospores were formed at either the terminus or side of a hypha, and single and multiple conidia formed chlamydospores by combining their cellular protoplasm. Chlamydospores were produced from conidia, and conidia from mycelium faster for the I. europaea isolate than the D. macrodidyma and I. liriodendri isolates. The rapid formation of chlamydospores as survival propagules will facilitate the ability of these pathogens to persist in soil in the absence of a host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of mycelial and conidial propagules of Ilyonectria and Dactylonectria species in soil

Probst

Crabbe

Ridgway

et al. 2019

NZPP

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“…Bradyrhizobium is a rhizobium of the class Proteobacteria [31], which can form a symbiotic relationship with host plants and x the free nitrogen in the ambient atmosphere into forms that host organisms can use, such as ammonia (NH 3 ) or ammonium (NH 4 + ), which are intimately related to plant growth [32]. The analysis of different species of fungi revealed that Dactylonectria was signi cantly different between the two groups of samples.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of microbial changes in the rhizosphere of unplanted and planted Atractylodes lancea via high-throughput sequencing

Niu

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Atractylodes lancea is a traditional Chinese medicine, which typically requires more than 3–4 years of continuous cropping to obtain the underground medicinal components. With continuous cropping years, the quality and yields of A. lancea medicinal materials decrease, while pests and diseases increase. These aspects are intimately correlated with rhizospheric microorganisms. Methods This research paper employed high-throughput sequencing for its detection in soil that was cultivated for three years and never cultivated to clarify the relationship between the microbial diversity of the rhizosphere and continuous A. lancea cropping. Results The rhizosphere microbial community was altered following the continuous cropping of A. lancea. The bacterial diversity and richness were observed to decrease, while the fungal community diversity increased, and richness decreased. The total OUTs of the soil bacteria and fungi of unplanted and planted A. lancea were 59.58% and 37.65%, respectively. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased, whereas the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota increased. At the genus level, Bradyrhizobium, Striaticonidium, Dactylonectria, Sphingomonas, Burkholderiaceae, Rhodanobacter, Arthrobacter, Scleroderma, Mortierella and Penicillium were significantly different between the two sample groups. Conclusions Our results revealed that following the cultivation of A. lancea, the rhizospheric microbial community was altered. This study preliminarily determined the

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“…However, the role of these different propagules in the disease cycle of is unclear. A recent study by Probst et al (2019a) showed that all propagules of I. liriodendri and D. macrodidyma resulted in infection of grapevine rootstocks, but with higher disease rates resulting from the conidial inoculum than from other propagule types. However, it is not known what roles propagules of other pathogenic species, such as I. pseudodestructans play in the disease cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Ilyonectria pseudodestructans propagules to grapevine rootstocks

Probst

Ridgway

Jaspers

et al. 2019

NZPP

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Black foot disease of grapevines is a major economic issue for the viticulture industry, with several Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria species identified as causal agents worldwide. This study aimed to confirm the pathogenicity of an Ilyonectria pseudodestructans isolate recovered from a symptomatic grapevine in a nationwide survey. An initial pot experiment inoculated callused and root-wounded grapevine propagation material of varieties ‘101- 14’ and ‘5C’ with I. pseudodestructans conidia. The second pot experiment compared the pathogenicity of I. pseudodestructans conidial, chlamydospore and mycelial inocula. Disease incidence, severity and root and shoot dry weights were determined after 4–5 months of growth. Ilyonectria pseudodestructans was recovered from inoculated plants resulting in higher disease incidence and severity compared with the uninoculated control. Disease severity and incidence was higher for callused compared to rooted propagation material, but did not differ between grapevine varieties. Conidial inoculum caused greater disease incidence and severity compared with chlamydospore and mycelial inocula. Ilyonectria pseudodestructans propagules infected grapevine plant material via the callused basal ends or wounded roots, indicating this species is a potentially important pathogen of grapevines both in nurseries and vineyards.

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Pathogenicity of Ilyonectria liriodendri and Dactylonectria macrodidyma propagules in grapevines

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Fate of mycelial and conidial propagules of <i>Ilyonectria</i> and <i>Dactylonectria</i> species in soil

Fate of mycelial and conidial propagules of <i>Ilyonectria</i> and <i>Dactylonectria</i> species in soil

Analysis of microbial changes in the rhizosphere of unplanted and planted Atractylodes lancea via high-throughput sequencing

Pathogenicity of <i>Ilyonectria pseudodestructans </i>propagules to grapevine rootstocks

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