Pathogenicity of an isolate of<i>aspergillus fla vus</i>in chickens

Okoye, J. O. A.; Okeke, C. N.

doi:10.1080/03079458608436286

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Upon staining with special fungal stains, numerous fungal elements were seen in the granulomas and necrotic areas, consistent with observations in turkeys infected with A. flavus (Okoye and Okeke, 1986). Unfortunately, many of the filamentous fungi cannot be reliably differentiated from one another with any of the routine fungal stains (Phillips and Weiner, 1987;Buckley et al, 1992;Reed et al, 1993;Jensen et al, 1993;Jensen et al, 1996a;Fenelon et al, 1999), because the appearance of fungi in sections is affected by steric orientation, age of the fungi, type of infected tissue, the number of fungal elements present, and the host response Jensen, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…As in other birds (Hawkey et al, 1984;Erer et al, 1986;Bowes, 1990;Jensen et al, 1997), the granulomas contained central necrosis surrounded by heterophils, macrophages, and particularly in late granulomas, multinucleated foreign-body giant cells and a scant amount of outer fibrous capsule. It is probable that the extension of serosal infection to the above-mentioned organs was due to the persistence of the infection, as stated by Okoye and Okeke (1986), who reported similar changes in the liver, kidney, spleen and bursa of Fabricius of chickens infected with A. flavus. However, it has been reported that mycotic lesions on the serosal linings of the gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts may result after a local transmural invasion of the agents (Carrasco et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…It is most likely that the cause of death of the goslings was these pulmonary lesions. Likewise, it has been reported that the death of birds affected by aspergillosis was due to respiratory failure because of affection of a large portion of the lung parenchyma (Okoye and Okeke, 1986;Pandita et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical detection of fungal elements in the tissues of goslings with pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis

Beytut

Özcan

Erginsoy

2004

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Nineteen goslings with pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis were the subject of the study. The lungs and air sacs were the main sites affected by the disease, and were generally characterised by diffuse yellowish-white granulomas. In 7 cases with pulmonary and air-sac involvement the granulomas were scattered to the serosal linings of the gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts, to the liver, spleen and kidneys, and in two cases also to the bursa of Fabricius, musculus (m.) longus colli and adventitia of aorta. The granulomas were often characterised by a necrotic centre surrounded by heterophils, macrophages, lymphocyte and plasma cells, and in late granulomas by multinucleated foreign-body giant cells, and again by an outer thin fibrous capsule. Numerous fungal hyphae were found within the necrotic debris of the granulomas by Gridley and PAS staining techniques. Immunohistochemistry reliably confirmed aspergillosis in all of the cases. Fungal elements in the lungs of goslings severely affected by the disease stained heavily within the centre of the granulomas, whereas few antigens reacted in the chronic cases. Fungal fragments, which were not discernible using routine fungal stains, reacted clearly in the cytoplasm of macrophages and giant cells. Thus, although fungal elements within the granulomas were histologically indicative of aspergillosis, immunohistochemistry also had to be applied to obtain a definitive diagnosis of the disease and to differentiate it from many of the filamentous fungi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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Immunohistochemical detection of fungal elements in the tissues of goslings with pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis

Beytut

Özcan

Erginsoy

2004

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…The present communication reports on outbreaks of pulmonary aspergillosis due to A.fluvusinturkey poults and goslingsfor the first time from Nigeria. The pathological picture of the lung lesion is similar to that already described for aspergillosis (5,9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Pulmonary Infections Due to Aspergillus flavus in Turkey Poults and Goslings: Lungeninfektionen durch Aspergillus flavus bei Puten‐ und Gänsenküken

Okoye

Gugnani

Okeke

1989

Mycoses

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Summary: Two outbreaks of pulmonary aspergillosis involving a flock of 66 turkey poults and a group of 12 gosling are described. The lungs showed multiple yellowish to greyish nodules. Histology demonstrated hyphae characteristic of Aspergillus and A. flavus was recovered in culture. Sections of liver showed features of aflatoxicosis. Cultures of samples of litter and feed yielded A. flavus in quantitiy. Representative isolates from lung lesions, litter and feed were found to produce aflatoxin B1. Zusammenfassung: Es werden zwei Ausbrüche von Lungen‐Aspergillose in einer Herde von 66 Putenküken und einer Gruppe von 12 Gänseküken beschrieben. Die Lungen zeigten gelbliche bis graue Knötchen. Histologisch wurden charakteristische Aspergillus‐Hyphen gefunden, und A. flavus wurde angezüchtet. Leberschnitte boten das Bild einer Aflatoxikose. Aus Streu und Futter konnte massenhaft A. flavus gezüchtet werden. Repräsentative Isolate von Lungenläsionen, Streu und Futter erwiesen sich als Produzenten von Aflatoxin B1.

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“…These fungi are ubiquitous and can be isolated from soil, air and vegetation. The most commonly isolated species is Aspergillus fumigatus but other Aspergillus spp., including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus glaucus and Aspergillus nidulans, can also play a role (Okoye & Okeke, 1986;Barton et al, 1992;Perelman & Kuttin, 1992;de Wit et al, 1993;Oglesbee, 1997;Joseph, 2000). Mixed infections occasionally occur (Perelman & Kuttin, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ModellingAspergillus fumigatusinfections in racing pigeons (Columba livia domestica)

et al. 2008

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In vivo modelling of aspergillosis in birds allows the evaluation of control measures and the study of hostÁ pathogen interactions. In this study the impact of the use of different inoculation routes and immunosuppression on the course of an infection with Aspergillus fumigatus in racing pigeons (Columba livia domestica) was examined. A. fumigatus conidia were inoculated in the thoracic air sac, lung or trachea in immunocompetent or immunosuppressed pigeon squabs. Immunosuppression was induced by three dexamethasone injections before inoculation. Mortality in the A. fumigatus-inoculated groups varied between 1/4 and 4/4. The highest and more acute mortality was seen in immunocompetent pigeons inoculated in the thoracic air sac and in pigeons inoculated in the thoracic air sac or lung after immunosuppression. Pigeons inoculated in the lung or inoculated intratracheally after immunosuppression developed an aspergillosis infection with a slower course of disease and more prominent clinical symptoms. Using microsatellite length polymorphism, it was confirmed that all mycoses were caused by the inoculated strain except for one isolate in a dexamethasone-treated pigeon. In conclusion, inoculation in the lung is selected as the preferred model for chronic aspergillosis in pigeons, and inoculation in the thoracic air sac as the preferred model for acute aspergillosis. The use of immunosuppressed birds seems to be contra-indicated due to the risk of opportunistic infections.

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Pathogenicity of an isolate ofaspergillus fla vusin chickens

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Immunohistochemical detection of fungal elements in the tissues of goslings with pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis

Immunohistochemical detection of fungal elements in the tissues of goslings with pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis

Pulmonary Infections Due to Aspergillus flavus in Turkey Poults and Goslings: Lungeninfektionen durch Aspergillus flavus bei Puten‐ und Gänsenküken

ModellingAspergillus fumigatusinfections in racing pigeons (Columba livia domestica)

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