Pathogenicity of a Birnavirus to Hard Clam(Meretrix lusoria) and Effect of Temperature Stress on Its Virulence.

Chou, Hsin Yiu; Li, Hsin Ju; Lo, Chu Fang

doi:10.3147/jsfp.29.171

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The established genogroup A identity of our aquareovirus further supports a fish host as the source. Although there are reports of aquabirnaviruses specifically infecting bivalve molluscs, these viruses, unlike our aquabirna-like virus isolate, have generally been associated with some degree of cell pathology and/or mortality, often in stressed bivalve hosts (Lo et al 1988, Chou et al 1994, Suzuki & Nojima 1999, Kitamura et al 2002, Maeno et al 2006). Aquareoviruses, with few exceptions (Meyers 1980, Goodwin et al 2006, are relatively apathogenic for most fish species including salmonids (Hetrick & Hedrick 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Detection of viruses and virus-like particles in four species of wild and farmed bivalve molluscs in Alaska, USA, from 1987 to 2009

Meyers

Burton²,

Evans³

et al. 2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The US Alaska Department of Fish and Game has regulatory oversight of the mariculture industry that is partially administered through a statewide shellfish health policy. Possession and transport of bivalve molluscs require development of indigenous pathogen histories from diagnostic examinations of wild and farmed populations. These examinations have resulted in the detection of various infectious agents and parasites including viruses: an aquareovirus and aquabirna-like virus isolated by fish cell culture, and papilloma-or polyoma-and herpes-like virus particles within bivalve cell intranuclear inclusion bodies observed by electron microscopy. This study summarizes these results in samples examined from 1987 to 2009 and is the first description of poikilothermic viruses from Alaskan waters isolated from or observed within the tissues of 4 species of bivalve molluscs: geoduck clam Panope abrupta, native littleneck clam Protothaca staminea, purple-hinged rock scallop Crassadoma gigantea and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Detection of viruses and virus-like particles in four species of wild and farmed bivalve molluscs in Alaska, USA, from 1987 to 2009

Meyers

Burton²,

Evans³

et al. 2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The varying pathogenicity found in this study might have been influenced by differences in size or age of the fish together with the species specificity. Environmental stressors can alter the pathogenicity of MABV in molluskan shellfish (Chou et al 1994, Suzuki et al 1998b). Stressors can be disregarded in this study because the experimental conditions in all groups were the same, except for water temperature, which was adjusted to the optimum range for each species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Isshiki¹,

Nagano²

2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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To determine the infectivity of marine birnavirus (MABV) in various marine fish species, experimental infection was performed in combination groups of 5 fish species with 7 strains of MABV and 1 strain of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Mortality was observed in yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and amberjack S. dumerili infected with MABV strains Y-6, Y-10K and H-1, but not in other infected species. MABV was reisolated from most combination groups, but the virus isolation rate and virus infectivity titer were often significantly different among groups with the same fish species or with the same virus strain. All MABV strains replicated well in makogarei Limanda yokohamae, but only slightly in tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes. IPNV also replicated in all fish species without causing death. The isolation rate and infectivity titer of IPNV were similar to or higher than those of non-virulent strains of MABV. In conclusion, the infectivity of MABV for different fish species is considered to change, which is an important factor in the development of the infection cycle of this virus among marine organisms. KEY WORDS: Aquabirnavirus · Marine birnavirus · Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus · Marine fish · Infectivity · Experimental infection Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 46: [109][110][111][112][113][114] 2001 We report the infectivity of several aquabirnavirus strains, including MABV and IPNV, against some marine fish species. The mortality, virus isolation rate and infectivity titer were compared among experimental groups. MATERIALS AND METHODSCell line. The CHSE-214 cell line (chinook salmon embryo; Lannan et al. 1984) was used in this study. This cell line was grown at 20°C in Eagle's minimum essential medium (Nissui, Japan) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.Virus strains. The aquabirnavirus strains used in this study are shown in Table 1. Seven strains of MABV and 1 strain of IPNV isolated from fish and shellfish cultured in various areas of western Japan during natural outbreaks were examined. Among them, an unpublished strain, KMKBV-9701, was isolated from hatchery-reared makogarei Limanda yokohamae juveniles (27 d old, average 10 mm in total length) collected during mass mortalities at a water temperature of 15°C in February 1997 in Kagawa Prefecture. Each strain was grouped into MABV or IPNV by genogrouping based on amino acid sequences in the VP2/NS junction region (Hosono et al. 1996). All these strains were propagated on CHSE-214 cells at 20°C. The susceptibility of the CHSE-214 cell line at 20°C was nearly equal to all the used virus strains (data not shown).Experimental fish. Five species of marine fish were examined: yellowtail (mean body weight 2.2 g), amberjack Seriola dumerili (17.7 g), black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli (6.6 g), tiger puffer (3.0 g) and makogarei (6.2 g). These fishes were produced at Yashima Station of Japan Sea-Farming Association, Kagawa Prefectural Sea-Farming Center, or a priva...

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“…However, environmental stressors such as fluctuating water temperature and chemical pollut ants, as well as biological factors like age or coinfection by other pathogens, are capable of having drastic effects on the pathogenicity of certain viruses (Farley et al, 1972;Hetrick et al, 1979;Dorson and Torchy, 1981 CV-TS-1, an aquatic birnavirus isolated from the gills of hard clam in southern Taiwan, is serologically simi lar to Ab type of IPNV (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus) (Lo et al, 1988). The pathogenicity of the Ab type of IPNV to fish is weak (Jorgensen and Kehlet, 1971;Sano, 1971;Adair and Ferguson, 1981;Hudson et al, 1981), but in our previous study, we demonstrated that an increase in temperature has a marked effect on the susceptibility of hard clam to birnavirus infection (Chou et al, 1994). In the present study, attempts were made to clarify the relationship between heavy metal pollution and the susceptibility of hard clam to birnavirus infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Although several viruses have been isolated from cultured hard clams in Taiwan, including birnaviruses (CV-HB-1, CV-TS-1, CV-TS-8) and reovirus (HCV), infection trials suggested that these viruses had only low virulence (Lo et al, 1988;Chou et al, 1994;Y. L. Hsu pers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Evidence for the Effect of Heavy Metal Cations on the Susceptibility of Hard Clam (Meretrix lusoria) to Clam Birnavirus Infection.

et al. 1998

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Pathogenicity of a Birnavirus to Hard Clam(Meretrix lusoria) and Effect of Temperature Stress on Its Virulence.

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Detection of viruses and virus-like particles in four species of wild and farmed bivalve molluscs in Alaska, USA, from 1987 to 2009

Detection of viruses and virus-like particles in four species of wild and farmed bivalve molluscs in Alaska, USA, from 1987 to 2009

Infectivity of aquabirnavirus strains to various marine fish species

Preliminary Evidence for the Effect of Heavy Metal Cations on the Susceptibility of Hard Clam (Meretrix lusoria) to Clam Birnavirus Infection.

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