Pathogenicity, morphology and genetic variation of Phytophthora cactorum from strawberry, apple, rhododendron, and silver birch

Hantula, Jarkko; Lilja, Arja; Nuorteva, Heikki; Parikka, Päivi; Werres, Sabine

doi:10.1017/s0953756200002999

Cited by 68 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As a result, the genus has been the focus of many population biology studies (Bhat and Browne 2007;Bhat et al 2006;Bienapfl and Balci 2014;Cooke et al 2003Cooke et al , 2005Dobrowolski et al 2003;Donahoo and Lamour 2008;Duan et al 2008;Dunn et al 2010;Eggers et al 2012;Gevens et al 2008;Hantula et al 2000;Hulvey et al 2010;Ivors et al 2004;Lamour and Hausbeck 2001;Linde et al 1997Linde et al , 1999. These studies have shown that population structures can vary considerably between different regions and species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. plurivora in Maryland’s Nurseries and Mid-Atlantic Forests

2017

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Genetic diversity of two Phytophthora spp.-P. cinnamomi (102 isolates), commonly encountered in Maryland nurseries and forests in the MidAtlantic United States, and P. plurivora (186 isolates), a species common in nurseries-was characterized using amplified fragment length polymorphism. Expected heterozygosity and other indices suggested a lower level of diversity among P. cinnamomi than P. plurivora isolates. Hierarchical clustering showed P. cinnamomi isolates separated into four clusters, and two of the largest clusters were closely related, containing 80% of the isolates. In contrast, P. plurivora isolates separated into six clusters, one of which included approximately 40% of the isolates. P. plurivora isolates recovered from the environment (e.g., soil and water) were genotypically more diverse than those found causing lesions. For both species, isolate origin (forest versus nursery or among nurseries) was a significant factor of heterozygosity. Clonal groups existed within P. cinnamomi and P. plurivora and included isolates from both forest and nurseries, suggesting that a pathway from nurseries to forests or vice versa exists.The genus Phytophthora includes numerous species that are among the most significant plant pathogens worldwide. As a result, the genus has been the focus of many population biology studies (Bhat and Browne

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. plurivora in Maryland’s Nurseries and Mid-Atlantic Forests

2017

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“…We also found high genetic variation within the North American population of P. cactorum infecting strawberry (Hantula et al 2000). The high variation suggests that P. cactorum originates in North America and instances of the pathogen in Europe, Oceania, Asia and Africa are transplants of that population (Hantula et al 2000, Eikemo et al 2004, Huang et al 2004. Crown rot isolates in Europe are genetically identical (Hantula et al 1997, 2000, Lilja et al 1998, Eikemo et al 2004), perhaps representing a single clonal genotype that may reflect the extensive migrations of isolates via propagation material transported throughout Europe.…”

Section: Phytophthora Cactorum An Established New Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…However, isolates from strawberry plants in different states or from different host plants in Germany, Canada and the US were polymorphic and formed 42 unique AFLP profiles (Huang et al 2004). We also found high genetic variation within the North American population of P. cactorum infecting strawberry (Hantula et al 2000). The high variation suggests that P. cactorum originates in North America and instances of the pathogen in Europe, Oceania, Asia and Africa are transplants of that population (Hantula et al 2000, Eikemo et al 2004, Huang et al 2004.…”

Section: Phytophthora Cactorum An Established New Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…According to our observations, Finnish isolates of P. cactorum from strawberry and birch are morphologically distinguishable in terms of the relative size of oogonia, oospores and sporangia (Hantula et al 2000). Although individual variation in morphology is evident, microscopic examinations could not identify intraspecific genetic groups or establish host specificity among isolates from apple, birch, rhododendron and strawberry (Stamps et al 1990, Hantula et al 2000. However, both random amplified microsatellite (RAMS) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting analyses revealed substantial genetic variation among isolates of P. cactorum, and isolates from birch and European strawberry formed separate groups in cluster analyses (Hantula et al 1997, 2000, Lilja et al 1998.…”

Section: Phytophthora Cactorum An Established New Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Today P. cactorum is an important pathogen in agriculture and forestry (Juntunen 2000, Lilja et al 2006). According to our observations, Finnish isolates of P. cactorum from strawberry and birch are morphologically distinguishable in terms of the relative size of oogonia, oospores and sporangia (Hantula et al 2000). Although individual variation in morphology is evident, microscopic examinations could not identify intraspecific genetic groups or establish host specificity among isolates from apple, birch, rhododendron and strawberry (Stamps et al 1990, Hantula et al 2000.…”

Section: Phytophthora Cactorum An Established New Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Introduced pathogens found on ornamentals, strawberry and trees in Finland over the past 20 years

Lilja

Rytkönen²,

Hantula³

2008

AFSci

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The comparative ease and speed of international trade and travel have enabled or enhanced the spread of pests around the globe. For example, trade in ornamental plants has bolstered the spread of alien Oomycetes such as pathogenic species of Phytophthora. To date, four Phytophthora species have been identified in Finland: P. cactorum on Fragaria x ananassa, Betula pendula and Rhododendron spp., P. plurivora on Rhododendron spp. and Syringa vulgaris, and P. pini and P. ramorum on Rhododendron spp. The ascomycete Colletotrichum acutatum, which was listed as a quarantine pathogen by the European Union until 2009, was introduced in 2000 and can survive in plant debris over two winters in Finland. Positive PCR results have also been obtained from bait plants grown in soil collected from locations where diseased Fragaria x ananassa plants had earlier been destroyed. In the mid-1990s, there was an epidemic of foliar rust caused by the Asian basidiomycete Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on Alnus glutinosa and A. incana. Recently, two ascomycetes that have been introduced are Dothistroma septosporum (responsible for red band needle blight on Pinus sylvestris) and Chalara fraxinea (causing ash decline on Fraxinus excelsior).

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Strawberry Disease Management

Maas¹

Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables: Volume II

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Pathogenicity, morphology and genetic variation of Phytophthora cactorum from strawberry, apple, rhododendron, and silver birch

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. plurivora in Maryland’s Nurseries and Mid-Atlantic Forests

Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. plurivora in Maryland’s Nurseries and Mid-Atlantic Forests

Introduced pathogens found on ornamentals, strawberry and trees in Finland over the past 20 years

Strawberry Disease Management

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