Pathogenic T cell subsets in allergic and chronic inflammatory bowel disorders

Zundler, Sebastian; Neurath, Markus F.

doi:10.1111/imr.12544

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 196 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, several air pollutants and pathogens can induce or favor inflammatory processes and related nitration processes (1, 3, 6). Diseases typically accompanied by a high degree of inflammation are, for example, autoimmune and other chronic inflammatory diseases, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergic asthma, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), or non-celiac non-allergy wheat sensitivity (NCWS) (10–12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitration of Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors Increases Their Innate and Adaptive Immunostimulatory Potential in vitro

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATI) can be found in all gluten containing cereals and are, therefore, ingredient of basic foods like bread or pasta. In the gut ATI can mediate innate immunity via activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on immune cells residing in the lamina propria, promoting intestinal, as well as extra-intestinal, inflammation. Inflammatory conditions can induce formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO−) and, thereby, endogenous protein nitration in the body. Moreover, air pollutants like ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) can cause exogenous protein nitration in the environment. Both reaction pathways may lead to the nitration of ATI. To investigate if and how nitration modulates the immunostimulatory properties of ATI, they were chemically modified by three different methods simulating endogenous and exogenous protein nitration and tested in vitro. Here we show that ATI nitration was achieved by all three methods and lead to increased immune reactions. We found that ATI nitrated by tetranitromethane (TNM) or ONOO− lead to a significantly enhanced TLR4 activation. Furthermore, in human primary immune cells, TNM nitrated ATI induced a significantly higher T cell proliferation and release of Th1 and Th2 cytokines compared to unmodified ATI. Our findings implicate a causative chain between nitration, enhanced TLR4 stimulation, and adaptive immune responses, providing major implications for public health, as nitrated ATI may strongly promote inhalative wheat allergies (baker's asthma), non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS), other allergies, and autoimmune diseases. This underlines the importance of future work analyzing the relationship between endo- and exogenous protein nitration, and the rise in incidence of ATI-related and other food hypersensitivities.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitration of Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors Increases Their Innate and Adaptive Immunostimulatory Potential in vitro

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The abovementioned cytokines and chemokines are principally related to several T cell subtypes of the adaptive immunity. Among these molecules, some of them have a bridge action in participating in both innate and adaptive immune response and include cytokines like IFN- γ , TNF- α , IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, and IL-15 [ 24 ]. Among these cytokines, a special role is played by IL-15 which plays key roles in the intestinal mucosal barrier [ 25 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Mucosal Immunity In the Intestinal Mucosal Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intricate Link among Gut “Immunological Niche,” Microbiota, and Xenobiotics in Intestinal Pathology

Pagliari

Gambassi

Piccirillo

et al. 2017

Mediators of Inflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are diseases characterized by various degrees of inflammation involving the gastrointestinal tract. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are characterized by a dysregulated immune response leading to structural gut alterations in genetically predisposed individuals. Diverticular disease is characterized by abnormal immune response to normal gut microbiota. IBDs are linked to a lack of physiological tolerance of the mucosal immune system to resident gut microbiota and pathogens. The disruption of immune tolerance involves inflammatory pathways characterized by an unbalance between the anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells and the proinflammatory Th1/Th17 cells. The interaction among T cell subpopulations and their related cytokines, mediators of inflammation, gut microbiota, and the intestinal mucosa constitute the gut “immunological niche.” Several evidences have shown that xenobiotics, such as rifaximin, can positively modulate the inflammatory pathways at the site of gut immunological niche, acting as anti-inflammatory agents. Xenobiotics may interfere with components of the immunological niche, leading to activation of anti-inflammatory pathways and inhibition of several mediators of inflammation. In summary, xenobiotics may reduce disease-related gut mucosal alterations and clinical symptoms. Studying the complex interplay between gut immunological niche and xenobiotics will certainly open new horizons in the knowledge and therapy of intestinal pathologies.

show abstract

“…If the dynamic balance of the interaction between host and microbe is broken, intestinal inflammation diseases such as PWD of piglets might occur [19]. It has been recorded that a disorder of gastrointestinal flora balance could cause inflammatory bowel disease [20]. Therefore, regulation of the gut microbiomes may serve as a target to control some diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Baicalin-Aluminum Complexes on Fecal Microbiome in Piglets

Zhuang

Li-wei

et al. 2019

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut microbiome has important effects on gastrointestinal diseases. Diarrhea attenuation functions of baicalin (BA) is not clear. Baicalin–aluminum complexes (BBA) were synthesized from BA, but the BBA’s efficacy on the diarrhea of piglets and the gut microbiomes have not been explored and the mechanism remains unclear. This study has explored whether BBA could modulate the composition of the gut microbiomes of piglets during diarrhea. The results showed that the diarrhea rate reduced significantly after treatment with BBA. BBA altered the overall structure of the gut microbiomes. In addition, the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the functional differentially expressed genes, which were involved in the top 30 GO enrichments, were associated with hydrogenase (acceptor) activity, nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity, and isocitrate lyase activity, belong to the molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that flagellar assembly, bacterial chemotaxis, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC) transporters, biosynthesis of amino acids, and phosphotransferase system (PTS) were the most enriched during BBA treatment process. Taken together, our results first demonstrated that BBA treatment could modulate the gut microbiomes composition of piglets with diarrhea, which may provide new potential insights on the mechanisms of gut microbiomes associated underlying the antimicrobial efficacy of BBA.

show abstract

Pathogenic T cell subsets in allergic and chronic inflammatory bowel disorders

Cited by 20 publications

References 196 publications

Nitration of Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors Increases Their Innate and Adaptive Immunostimulatory Potential in vitro

Nitration of Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors Increases Their Innate and Adaptive Immunostimulatory Potential in vitro

The Intricate Link among Gut “Immunological Niche,” Microbiota, and Xenobiotics in Intestinal Pathology

Effect of Baicalin-Aluminum Complexes on Fecal Microbiome in Piglets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About