Pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from human and animals

Abstract

Crossing of interspecies barriers by microorganisms is observed. In recent years, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius—a species formerly thought to be animal—has also been isolated from human clinical materials. Many virulence factors are responsible for the colonization, which is the first step an infection, of the new host organism. We analyzed the factors influencing this colonization as well as susceptibility to antibiotics in fourteen S. pseudintermedius strains isolated from clinical cases from humans and animals. The occurrence of genes responsible for binding elastin, fibronectin, and fibrinogen and some phenotypic features, although different between strains, is comparable in both groups. However, the animal isolates had more genes coding for virulence factors. All isolates tested had the exfoliating toxin gene and the leukotoxin determining genes, but only the human strains had enterotoxin genes. The assessment of antibiotic resistance of strains of both groups indicates their broad resistance to antibiotics commonly used in veterinary medicine. Antibiotic resistance was more common among animal isolates. The multilocus sequence typing analysis of the studied strains was performed. The results indicated a large diversity of the S. pseudintermedius population in both studied groups of strains. Equipped with important virulence factors, they showed the ability to infect animals and humans. The clonal differentiation of the methicillin-susceptible strains and the multidrug resistance of the strains of both studied groups should be emphasized. The considerable genetic diversity of strains from a limited geographical area indicates the processes of change taking place within this species. Thus, careful observation of the ongoing process of variation is necessary, as they may lead to the selection of S. pseudintermedius, which will pose a significant threat to humans.

Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius associated with skin and soft-tissue infections in companion animals in Lisbon, Portugal

“…ST241 was the most frequent clonal lineage among MSSP-MDR in our study, with a profile similar to the one described by Wegener et al (2021) . This clonal lineage was already detected in North of Europe, Spain and France ( Lozano et al, 2017 ; Haenni et al, 2020 ; Wegener et al, 2021 ), and isolated in both humans and companion animals ( Lozano et al, 2017 ; Wegener et al, 2021 ; Glajzner et al, 2022 ). Lineage ST551 (CC551) was described in the last years in North of Europe and suggested to be replacing CC71 in Poland and Sweden ( Kizerwetter-Świda et al, 2017 ; Swedres-Svarm, 2020 , 2021 ).…”

“…The same antimicrobials, except cefovecin, were frequently prescribed in Italy, for skin infections (Chirollo et al, 2021). In Portugal (Oliveira et al, 2018,) and Spain (Madrid) (Gómez-Poveda and Moreno, 2018), the most prescribed antimicrobials for treatment of skin infections in companion animals were amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefalexin and fluoroquinolones.…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from urinary isolates obtained from cats (2013‐2020)

“… 52 Many infections remain susceptible only to second‐ and third‐line antimicrobials such as aminoglycosides and chloramphenicol, and growing concern exists about pan‐drug resistance, particularly as crossover infections between humans and animals become more common. 53 Despite a slight increase in antimicrobial resistance to some antimicrobials over the study period, it was not substantial enough to result in a corresponding significant increase in multidrug resistance. Overall, limited information is available describing the prevalence of MDR infections in bacteriuria from cats.…”

“…Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most common Staphylococcus species and it has developed antimicrobial resistance leading to widespread methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections in humans and animals 52 . Many infections remain susceptible only to second‐ and third‐line antimicrobials such as aminoglycosides and chloramphenicol, and growing concern exists about pan‐drug resistance, particularly as crossover infections between humans and animals become more common 53 . Despite a slight increase in antimicrobial resistance to some antimicrobials over the study period, it was not substantial enough to result in a corresponding significant increase in multidrug resistance.…”

A comprehensive analysis of chemical and biological pollutants (natural and anthropogenic origin) of soil and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) samples

“…Most of the tested samples demonstrated Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, a canine opportunistic pathogen, one of the important human pathogens of zoonotic origin known to cause wound and skin infections [69,70] and Francisella tularensis a highly infectious coccobacillus transmitted to humans by a number of different routes including ingestion of contaminated food [71,72]. In addition, they were found to harbor Staphylococcus lentus, an animal pathogen isolated from rodents, chickens, mammals, farm soil and water, known to cause endocarditis septic shock, urinary tract infection, wound infections, endophthalmitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease in humans [73].…”