Pathogenic Mechanisms of Uropathogens

O’Rourke, Kaylen; Cadieux, Peter A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-17542-9_3

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The iron-chelating compounds secreted by a UPEC strain enable the uropathogen to overcome the restriction of iron availability and to survive inside the nutritionally deficient bladder environment [ 7 ]. Moreover, recurrent and difficult-to-treat UTIs are provoked by the UPEC’s capability to form biofilm, a sophisticated defense mechanism creating a sessile bacterial community of cells immersed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances creating dormant bacterial repository from which bacteria can re-emerge causing recurrence, thus posing a substantial challenge to physicians [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Morgaan,

Omar,

Zakaria

et al. 2023

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Urinary tract infections represent one of the most frequent hospital and community-acquired infections with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being the main causative agent. The global increase in the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) UPEC necessitates exploring novel approaches. Repurposing natural products as anti-quorum sensing (QS) agents to impede bacterial virulence is gaining momentum nowadays. Hence, this study investigates the anti-QS potentials of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol against E. coli isolated from urine cultures of Egyptian patients. Results Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for 67 E. coli isolates and 94% of the isolates showed MDR phenotype. The usp gene was detected using PCR and accordingly, 45% of the isolates were categorized as UPEC. Phytochemicals, at their sub-inhibitory concentrations, inhibited the swimming and twitching motilities of UPEC isolates, with eugenol showing the highest inhibitory effect. The agents hindered the biofilm-forming ability of the tested isolates, at two temperature sets, 37 and 30 °C, where eugenol succeeded in significantly inhibiting the biofilm formation by > 50% at both investigated temperatures, as compared with untreated controls. The phytochemicals were shown to downregulate the expression of the QS gene (luxS) and critical genes related to motility, asserting their anti-QS potential. Further, the combinatory activity of the phytoproducts with five antibiotics was assessed by checkerboard assay. The addition of the phytoproducts significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics and generated several synergistic or partially synergistic combinations, some of which have not been previously explored. Conclusions Overall, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol could be repurposed as potential anti-QS agents, which preferentially reduce the QS-based communication and attenuate the cascades of gene expression, thus decreasing the production of virulence factors in UPEC, and eventually, subsiding their pathogenicity. Furthermore, the synergistic combinations of these agents with antibiotics might provide a new perspective to circumvent the side effects brought about by high antibiotic doses, thereby paving the way for overcoming antibiotic resistance.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Morgaan,

Omar,

Zakaria

et al. 2023

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The UPEC consist of only a selected number of E. coli strains that successfully survive, colonize and cause infection in the urinary tract [14]. The UPEC produces virulence factors (VFs) and acquires antibiotic resistance genes required for biofilm formation and nutrient or iron acquisition, invasion of host-cell cytotoxicity or host immune defence and resistance to antibiotic treatment [15][16][17]. These E. coli virulence factors are essential for the bacteria to survive in varying environmental conditions, metabolize and use several carbon sources for facultatively anaerobic metabolism [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates from patients attending the outpatient department of university of Cape Coast hospital, Ghana: A retrospective study between 2013–2015

Asare

Amoah

Coomson

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important urinary tract infection (UTI) that has been associated with both complicated and uncomplicated disease conditions. The global emergence of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is of public health concern as the resistance limits the current treatment options. The objective of this study was to analyze the antibiotic-resistant patterns among the uropathogenic E. coli isolates at the University of Cape Coast (UCC) hospital between 2013 and 2015 as baseline data to understand the current antibiotic resistance situation within UCC and its environs. A retrospective cross-sectional study of bacteria isolates at UCC hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were analyzed. A standard biochemical and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using Kirby-Bauer NCCLs modified disc diffusion technique. The network of interaction between pathogenic isolates and antibiotic resistance was performed using Cytoscape software. Statistical significance was tested using ANOVA and one-sample Wilcoxon test. The overall E. coli prevalence was 15.76% (32/203); females had the highest infection of 17.33% (26/150) compared to male subjects who had 11.32% (6/53) out of all the pathogenic infections. The E. coli prevalence among the age categories were 2/21 (9.52%), 27/154 (17.53%) and 4/21 (19.05%) among ≤20 years, 21–40 years and 41–60 years respectively. The isolated resistant pathogens exhibited different antibiotic resistance patterns. An interaction network of nodes connecting to other nodes indicating positive correlations between the pathogens and antibiotic resistance was established. Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp, Klebsiella spp among other isolated pathogens formed higher centrality in the network of interaction with antibiotic resistance. The individual E. coli isolates showed a significant difference in the mean ± SD (95% CI) pattern of antibiotic resistance, 2.409±1.205 (1.828–2.990), χ2 = 36.68, p<0.0001. In conclusion, the study reports the interaction of E. coli isolates at UCC hospital and its antibiotic-resistant status between 2013 and 2015. This data forms the baseline information for assessing the current antibiotic status in UCC and its environs.

show abstract

Elucidating novel antibacterial compounds from the NPASS database against the FimH lectin domain for the treatment of urinary tract infections: an in-silico study

Al-Zrkani

Abdulkareem

Al-Fahad

et al. 2022

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pathogenic Mechanisms of Uropathogens

Cited by 3 publications

References 144 publications

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates from patients attending the outpatient department of university of Cape Coast hospital, Ghana: A retrospective study between 2013–2015

Elucidating novel antibacterial compounds from the NPASS database against the FimH lectin domain for the treatment of urinary tract infections: an in-silico study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About