Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Potential Direct and Indirect Counteractions by Intermittent Fasting

Horne, Benjamin D.; Bunker, Thomas

doi:10.3390/nu15010020

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The current analysis highlights some gaps in the literature. Recent data point out that ketogenesis might reduce the burden of viral infections such as SARS‐CoV‐2 74,75 and intermittent fasting might be effective to treat affected patients 76 . However, we were not able to identify any trial investigating the role of dietary regimens during childhood respiratory infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Recent data point out that ketogenesis might reduce the burden of viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2 74,75 and intermittent fasting might be effective to treat affected patients. 76 However, we were not able to identify any trial investigating the role of dietary regimens during childhood respiratory infections. Similarly, although some data suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids might be effective in preventing respiratory infections, no trial evaluated these compounds on children with respiratory infections.…”

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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A systematic review and meta‐analysis on nutritional and dietary interventions for the treatment of acute respiratory infection in pediatric patients: An EAACI taskforce

Milani,

Alberti,

Abodi

et al. 2024

Allergy

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Acute respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Dietary and nutritional interventions, including minerals and vitamin supplementation, have been explored as potential treatments for these infections. However, the evidence on their efficacy is limited and inconclusive. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the available evidence on the effectiveness of dietary and nutritional interventions for treating acute respiratory tract infections in children. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines in April 2022 and updated in April 2023. Clinical trials focusing on dietary or nutritional interventions, including supplementations, in children with acute respiratory tract infections were included. The selection of interventions and outcomes was based on biological plausibility. Data were extracted using a standardized form, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Meta‐analysis was performed using random‐effect models. A total of 50 studies were included in the review. Four trials were conducted in low, 32 in lower‐middle, 12 in upper‐middle, and only two in high‐income countries. The studies evaluated various dietary interventions, including zinc, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, and probiotics. The results of individual studies on the efficacy of these interventions were mixed, with some showing positive effects on clinical outcomes such as duration of symptoms, while others showed no significant impact. Meta‐analysis was conducted for zinc supplementation in children with pneumonia, and the pooled results suggested a potential limited benefit in terms of reduced hospital length of stay but not time to recovery. Meta‐analyses on vitamin D did not show any effect in children with pneumonia. This systematic review fills a critical gap in the literature by synthesizing the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of nutritional or dietary interventions for acute respiratory tract infections in children. The findings indicate no dietary or nutritional intervention can currently be recommended for the routine treatment of respiratory tract infections in children based on single supplement studies. The metanalysis suggests that zinc supplementation might have a beneficial effect on length of hospitalization in children with pneumonia. New studies are needed to establish more conclusive evidence for pediatric acute respiratory diseases especially for children living in a context of high‐income countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A systematic review and meta‐analysis on nutritional and dietary interventions for the treatment of acute respiratory infection in pediatric patients: An EAACI taskforce

Milani,

Alberti,

Abodi

et al. 2024

Allergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to a recent study, IF could serve as a supplemental therapy to reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases and may hold promise in the treatment of infectious diseases like COVID-19. Further investigation is required to determine the potential benefits of IF for respiratory system performance [ 122 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intermittent fasting on preventing obesity-related early aging from a molecular and cellular perspective

Miftahussurur,

Yuliyanasari,

Rejeki

et al. 2024

JMedLife

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Periodic Fasting and Acute Cardiac Events in Patients Evaluated for COVID-19: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

Horne,

Anderson,

Haddad

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background: Periodic fasting was previously associated with greater longevity and a lower incidence of heart failure (HF) in a pre-pandemic population. In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), periodic fasting was associated with a lower risk of death or hospitalization. This study evaluated the association between periodic fasting and HF hospitalization and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods: Patients enrolled in the INSPIRE registry from February 2013 to March 2020 provided periodic fasting information and were followed into the pandemic (n = 5227). Between March 2020 and February 2023, N = 2373 patients were studied, with n = 601 COVID-positive patients being the primary study population (2836 had no COVID-19 test; 18 were excluded due to fasting <5 years). A Cox regression was used to evaluate HF admissions, MACEs, and other endpoints through March 2023, adjusting for covariables, including time-varying COVID-19 vaccination. Results: In patients positive for COVID-19, periodic fasting was reported by 180 (30.0% of 601), who periodically fasted over 43.1 ± 19.2 years (min: 7, max: 83). HF hospitalization (n = 117, 19.5%) occurred in 13.3% of fasters and 22.1% of non-fasters [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.63, CI = 0.40, 0.99; p = 0.044]. Most HF admissions were exacerbations, with a prior HF diagnosis in 111 (94.9%) patients hospitalized for HF. Fasting was also associated with a lower MACE risk (aHR = 0.64, CI = 0.43, 0.96; p = 0.030). In n = 1772 COVID-negative patients (29.7% fasters), fasting was not associated with HF hospitalization (aHR = 0.82, CI = 0.64, 1.05; p = 0.12). In COVID-positive and negative patients combined, periodic fasting was associated with lower mortality (aHR = 0.60, CI = 0.39, 0.93; p = 0.021). Conclusions: Routine periodic fasting was associated with less HF hospitalization in patients positive for COVID-19.

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Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Potential Direct and Indirect Counteractions by Intermittent Fasting

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

A systematic review and meta‐analysis on nutritional and dietary interventions for the treatment of acute respiratory infection in pediatric patients: An EAACI taskforce

A systematic review and meta‐analysis on nutritional and dietary interventions for the treatment of acute respiratory infection in pediatric patients: An EAACI taskforce

The effect of intermittent fasting on preventing obesity-related early aging from a molecular and cellular perspective

Periodic Fasting and Acute Cardiac Events in Patients Evaluated for COVID-19: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

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