Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Sand Pine Root Disease in Florida

Barnard, E. L.; Blakeslee, G. M.; English, James T.; Oak, S. W.; Anderson, Robert L.

doi:10.1094/pd-69-196

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our findings are in accordance with North American studies (Barras and Perry 1971;Barnard et al 1985;Horner and Alexander 1985;Otrosina et al 1999;Eckhardt 2003;Eckhardt et al 2007;Zanzot 2009). On the basis of morphological characteristics and DNA sequence comparisons, three species of ophiostomatoid fungi, including Leptographium procerum, Sporothrix inflata and Ophiostoma pallidulum, were found in association with pine roots.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Root‐colonizing ophiostomatoid fungi associated with dying and dead young Scots pine in Poland

et al. 2012

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Ophiostomatoid fungi are carried by various bark beetles. However, very little is known about the role of these fungi in conifer roots. We studied ophiostomatoid fungi in roots of dying and dead Pinus sylvestris trees and tested the potential phytotoxicity of some isolates using a sensitive bioassay with Lepidium sativum in Poland. Fungi were identified based on their morphology and DNA sequencing. Three ophiostomatoid fungi, Leptographium procerum, Sporothrix inflata and Ophiostoma pallidulum, were isolated from the roots. The most abundant soil-borne fungus, S. inflata, and relatively rare O. pallidulum were isolated for the first time from roots of dying and dead pine trees. The frequency of S. inflata and O. pallidulum correlated with tree decline. The fungi were isolated more frequently from roots of dead than dying trees. Sporothrix inflata and O. pallidulum slightly reduced the stem and root growth of L. sativum. Leptographium procerum reduced more significantly root than stem growth. This species reduced root elongation 32-54% after 10-17 days of incubation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Among Ophiostoma s.l. Our data showed that L. procerum locally quite often inhabits roots of Scots pine trees in Poland, which is consistent with observations conducted in the USA on other pine species (Barnard et al 1985(Barnard et al , 1991Otrosina et al 1999;Eckhardt et al 2007). Leptographium procerum is quite often found in Poland.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Root‐colonizing ophiostomatoid fungi associated with dying and dead young Scots pine in Poland

et al. 2012

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“…In other areas, it was shown that attacks on pine by L. procerum could reduce their vigor and enhance their mortality in unfavorable conditions, such as poor drainage (Towers 1976;Smith 1991), pine blister rust (Livingston and Wingfield 1982) or air pollution (Lackner and Alexander 1983). Other studies focusing on disease complex or mortality syndrome showed that multiple factors might be implicated in the onset and progress of pine decline (Barnard et al 1985;Klepzig et al 1991;Otrosina et al 1997;Erbilgin and Raffa 2002). A complex of both biotic and abiotic factors such as fungal pathogens, insect pests, absence of predators and soil conditions might contribute simultaneously or successively to the trees decline.…”

Section: Plotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota) associated with Pinus tabuliformis infested by Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera) in northern China and an assessment of their pathogenicity on mature trees

Lü

Decock

Zhang

et al. 2009

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Dendroctonus valens is an invasive pest in coniferous forests of northern China. It was suspected of being responsible for the death of more than three million Pinus tabuliformis trees. The present study sought to identify the ophiostomatoid fungi associated with D. valens in northern China and understand the possible role of these fungi in the pine decline. On the basis of morphology, physiology, mating compatibility and phylogenetic analyses of multiple DNA sequences, seven species of ophiostomatoid fungi were isolated from and around D. valens galleries: Leptographium alethinum, Grosmannia koreana (teleomorph of L. koreanum), L. procerum, L. sinoprocerum, L. truncatum, Pesotum aureum and P. pini. All have been recorded for the first time in China. Among them, the occurrence of the dominant species L. procerum is positively linked to attack intensities of D. valens. The pathogenicity of four species (L. koreanum, L. procerum, L. sinoprocerum and L. truncatum) was tested on mature P. tabuliformis trees by stem inoculation. All inoculated strains caused significant necrotic lesions on the inner bark. However, L. koreanum and L. truncatum induced more extensive lesions than L. procerum and L. sinoprocerum. Their association with D. valens and the P. tabuliformis decline is discussed.

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“…Veno 1976). In the absence of fire, P. clausa in interior Florida lives for 60-80 yr, with mortality possibly caused by a root-rot fungus (Barnard et al 1985). The continuing loss of P. clausa will probably shift the unburned sand pine scrub to a xeric hammock dominated by mixed evergreen oaks (Myers 1985), since recruitment of P. clausa into undisturbed sand pine scrub is minimal.…”

Section: Do Rates Of Change Vary Among Vegetation Types?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty years of vegetation change in five long‐unburned Florida plant communities

Menges

Abrahamson

Givens

et al. 1993

J Vegetation Science

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Abstract. Rates and directions of change over a 20‐yr interval in five long‐unburned (> 60 yr) plant communities were studied using multivariate analyses and compositional vectors. The study sites were located in fire and summer‐drought adapted, xerophytic vegetation with many endemics on acidic, nutrient‐poor, sandy soils in south‐central peninsular Florida. Sizes of individual stems from 72 sets of nested permanent quadrats were measured in 1969, 1979, and 1989. Patterns of vegetation change differed by community. Flatwood and bayhead quadrats showed rapid increases in densities and basal areas of Persea borbonia (red bay). In the southern ridge sandhill community, evergreen clonal Quercus species (oaks) and Pinus clausa (sand pine) increased in dominance and grasses declined. Oaks (especially Q. geminata) also increased in importance in scrubby flatwoods. Sand pine scrub was relatively stable in composition, but experienced marked structural changes due to substantial sand pine mortality (18% during 1969–1979, 39% during 1979–1989). Compositional changes in the absence of fire were greatest whereas structural changes were least in southern ridge sandhill and scrubby flatwoods, both communities which normally receive frequent, recurrent fire. Compositional changes were lowest in sand pine scrub, which is normally infrequently burned. Classic successional patterns such as species replacement, decreases in density, and increases in basal area were generally lacking. Tree densities increased in two of four community types (southern ridge sandhill, scrubby flatwoods); while basal area declined in the flatwoods/bayhead and sand pine scrub sites. Directions of compositional vectors included divergent, opposing, and complex patterns, suggesting vegetation change in the absence of fire has a strong stochastic component.

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Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Sand Pine Root Disease in Florida

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Root‐colonizing ophiostomatoid fungi associated with dying and dead young Scots pine in Poland

Root‐colonizing ophiostomatoid fungi associated with dying and dead young Scots pine in Poland

Ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota) associated with Pinus tabuliformis infested by Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera) in northern China and an assessment of their pathogenicity on mature trees

Twenty years of vegetation change in five long‐unburned Florida plant communities

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