Pathogenic Factors Associated With Osgood-Schlatter Disease in Adolescent Male Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background:A previous cross-sectional study reported that pathogenic factors associated with Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) in adolescent athletes include increased quadriceps muscle tightness, lower leg malalignment, and development of apophysitis in the tibial tuberosity.Purpose:To confirm these pathogenic factors associated with OSD in a longitudinal study with regard to physical function and performance.Study Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.Methods:In this study, 37 boys (mean age, 10.2 ± 0.4 years) were recruited from 2 soccer teams at an elementary school. This cohort study was conducted over an observation period of 1 year, with measurements recorded at baseline, followed by screening for OSD every 6 months. Variables evaluated at baseline included physical function (morphometry, joint flexibility, and lower extremity alignment), presence of Sever disease, and kicking motion.Results:Pathogenic factors associated with OSD in the support leg of adolescent male soccer players included height, weight, body mass index, quadriceps femoris muscle tightness in the kicking and support legs, and gastrocnemius muscle tightness, soleus muscle tightness, and medial longitudinal arch in the support leg. Additional factors included a diagnosis of Sever disease and distance from the lateral malleolus of the support leg’s fibula to the center of gravity during kicking.Conclusion:The onset of OSD was found to be affected by many factors, including developmental stage, physical attributes, and pre-existing apophysitis. In particular, a diagnosis of Sever disease and backward shifting of the center of gravity during kicking increased the risk of the subsequent onset of OSD, suggesting that these factors are very important as a possible focus for interventions.

Association of Skeletal Maturity and Injury Risk in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A 4-Season Prospective Study With Survival Analysis

“… 20 For Osgood-Schlatter disease, alongside regular sports practice, many intrinsic factors such as height, mass, body mass index, and muscle group tightness have been identified as risk factors. 15 , 39 , 52 History of previous osteochondrosis is recognized as a risk factor for subsequent osteochondrosis in a different unfused apophysis, suggesting a probable ethnicity component behind an abnormal response of the endochondral ossification center to certain mechanical stresses. 12 , 18 , 39 , 48 , 49 , 52 Furthermore, the potential impact of vitamin D deficiency is an additional intrinsic factor that needs to be considered in Middle Eastern sporting populations.…”

Hip Abductor Muscle Strength Deficit as a Risk Factor for Inversion Ankle Sprain in Male College Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study

“…Excellent intrarater reliability has been reported on all muscle flexibility measures (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.89-0.96). 41 …”

“…General Joint Laxity Testing Each player underwent general joint laxity testing using the methods of the University of Tokyo as described by Watanabe et al 41 The test consisted of 7 conditions: thumb-to-forearm position, elbow hyperextension !15 , shoulder hyperrotation, hip hyper-external rotation !90 in the standing position, knee hyperextension !10 , ankle hyperdorsiflexion !45 of knee flexion, and trunk flexion with both palms touching the floor and knees fully extended. Shoulder hyperrotation was considered positive when participants could clasp their hands from the cranial and caudal sections of their back, and hip hyper-external rotation was considered positive when participants could maintain their hips at 90 of external rotation with both their lower legs in a neutral position.…”

“…6 , 32 , 42 In addition, men aged 15 to 24 years have substantially higher ankle sprain rates than women. 41 Surprisingly, ankle sprains accounted for approximately 30% to 40% of all injuries in young male soccer players. 22 Additionally, long-term symptoms occur in up to 79% of players, and some players become frustrated with chronic ankle instability.…”

Effect of Various Types of Muscle Contraction with Different Running Conditions on Mouse Humerus Morphology

“…Moreover, very few studies have investigated the effects of changes in muscle contraction type during movement on bone-related disorders. Notably, recent evidence suggests that bone-related disorders, such as Osgood-Schlatter disease, can be caused by the misuse of the body during performance [ 13 ]. This misuse may reflect changes in muscle contraction types.…”