Pathogenic Characteristics of the Korean 2002 Isolate of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O in Pigs and Cattle

Sequences outside that of residues 93–102 of 3A protein can contribute to the ability of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) to replicate in bovine-derived cells

“…Sequence analysis found that O/TAW/2/99 and O/TAW/2/99bov had the same sequence in the 3A region with 153 aa, indicating that changes in other regions of the viral genome contributed to the changes in virulence (Mason et al, 2003b). In addition, O/SKR/AS/2002, a PanAsia lineage strain, that caused an infection pattern similar to that of O/TAW/97, was highly virulent and contagious in pigs, but limited in cattle (Oem et al, 2008). Sequence analysis revealed that O/SKR/AS/2002 had a fulllength version of 3A, indicating that attenuated phenotype in cattle is not always associated with 3A deletions.…”

Construction and characterization of 3A-epitope-tagged foot-and-mouth disease virus

“…However, it could not eliminate that other mutations in viral genome contribute to the phenotype observed, since these attenuated strains also contain a number of other mutations when compared with virulent related or parental strains. Furthermore, a PanAsia lineage strain O/ SKR/AS/2002 that contains a full-length 3A caused an infection pattern similar to O/TAW/97, which was highly virulent and contagious in swine but showed limited severity in cattle (Oem et al, 2008). Therefore, the effect of the deletions in 3A protein on attenuated virulence in cattle still remains unknown.…”

Evaluation of a 3A-truncated foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs for its potential as a marker vaccine

“…The maximum score is 5. Blood samples were collected from the inoculated animals on the following days post-infection (dpi) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7, and FMDV RNA in blood were detected by rRT-PCR as previously described [21]. Furthermore, serum samples collected at 7, 14, 21, and 28 dpi were tested for FMDV-specific antibodies as previously described [22].…”