Pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis

Wijayarathna, K. S. N.; Abeygunasekera, Anuruddha M

doi:10.4038/sljs.v31i3.6421

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…The results show that distribution of different types of calculi in Sri Lanka is similar to that of India but differs significantly from that of the Western world and Middle Eastern countries. Identification of this pattern is important as it may determine the response to treatment by standard therapeutic manoeuvres [25] or by herbal extracts [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of kidney stones obtained from a cohort of Sri Lankan patients

Hareendra

Hunais²,

Suvendiran

et al. 2015

Sri Lanka j Surg

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Evaluating the composition of kidney stones is important for the treatment and prevention of nephrolithiasis. Objectives The aims of our study were to determine the composition of the renal stones in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients and to compare the composition of staghorn calculi with non-staghorn calculi. Methods Kidney stones removed from adult patientswere analysed using chemical methods. Patients residing in different climate zones of Sri Lanka were analysed separately and comparisons made. Results A total of 50 renal stones from adults (male:female = 2.6:1) were included in the study. There were 21 staghorn calculi. The male to female ratio among patients with staghorn calculi was 3.2:1. There was no statistically significant difference in distribution of staghorn calculi and non-staghorn calculi among males (p=0.17) and among females (p=0.06). Oxalate stones constituted 86% of renal stones. Ten percent were mixed stones. Phosphate and struvite calculi contributed 2% each. Even among staghorn calculi, 76% were oxalate stones. There was no statistically significant difference between contents of staghorn and non-staghorn calculi. The composition of stones in three climatic zones of Sri Lanka was similar except for phosphorus. Conclusions The majority of renal stones (86%) in Sri Lanka are calcium oxalate stones.Contrary to the traditional view based on studies done in the western world, only 5% of staghorn calculi removed from patients in Sri Lanka are struvite or infection stones. Chemical composition of kidney stones obtained from a cohort of Sri Lankan patients

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of kidney stones obtained from a cohort of Sri Lankan patients

Hareendra

Hunais²,

Suvendiran

et al. 2015

Sri Lanka j Surg

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Geoenvironmental factors related to high incidence of human urinary calculi (kidney stones) in Central Highlands of Sri Lanka

Abeywickarama

Ralapanawa

Chandrajith

2015

Environ Geochem Health

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An area with extremely high incidence of urinary calculi was investigated in the view of identifying the relationship between the disease prevalence and the drinking water geochemistry. The prevalence of the kidney stone disease in the selected Padiyapelella-Hanguranketa area in Central Highlands of Sri Lanka is significantly higher compared with neighboring regions. Drinking water samples were collected from water sources that used by clinically identified kidney stone patients and healthy people. A total of 83 samples were collected and analyzed for major anions and cations. The anions in the area varied in the order HCO3 (-) > Cl(-) > SO4 (2-) > NO3 (-) and cations varied in the order Ca(2+) > Mg(2+) > Na(+) > K(+) > Fe(2+). The dissolved silica that occurs as silicic acid (H4SiO4) in natural waters varied from 8.8 to 84 mg/L in prevalence samples, while it was between 9.7 and 65 mg/L for samples from non-prevalence locations. Hydrogeochemical data obtained from the two groups were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. It showed that pH, total hardness, Na(+), Ca(2+) and Fe(2+) had significant difference (p < 0.005) between water sources used by patients and non-patients. Elemental ratio plots, Gibbs' plot and factor analysis indicated that the chemical composition of water sources in this area is strongly influenced by rock-water interactions, particularly the weathering of carbonate and silicate minerals. This study reveals a kind of association between stone formation and drinking water geochemistry as evident by the high hardness/calcium contents in spring water used by patients.

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Anti-urolithiatic Activity of Extract of Andrographis paniculata Plant on Calcium Oxalate Crystals: an In vitro Preliminary Study

Dulanjali

Srikaran

2020

J Pharm Innov

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Pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Chemical composition of kidney stones obtained from a cohort of Sri Lankan patients

Chemical composition of kidney stones obtained from a cohort of Sri Lankan patients

Geoenvironmental factors related to high incidence of human urinary calculi (kidney stones) in Central Highlands of Sri Lanka

Anti-urolithiatic Activity of Extract of Andrographis paniculata Plant on Calcium Oxalate Crystals: an In vitro Preliminary Study

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