Pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcal Infections

Cunningham, Madeleine W.

doi:10.1128/cmr.13.3.470-511.2000

Cited by 1,606 publications

(1,407 citation statements)

References 530 publications

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“…10). The gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus) is a common human pathogen, often causing relatively mild clinical conditions such as pharyngitis or impetigo (11). However, invasive strains can penetrate into deeper tissues and cause severe or life-threatening infections such as necrotizing fasciitis, sepsis, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.…”

Section: Conclusion Ides Has Therapeutic Potential In Igg Antibody-mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocking of experimental arthritis by cleavage of IgG antibodies in vivo

Nandakumar¹,

Johansson²,

Björck³

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To investigate whether IgG-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS), a bacterial cysteine endopeptidase that cleaves human IgG in the hinge region, can be used for blocking the development of arthritis.Methods. Recombinant IdeS was purified and tested for specificity against mouse IgG. IdeS was injected intravenously into mice with collagen antibodyinduced arthritis (CAIA), collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), or relapsing CIA, and its effects on arthritis development and severity were assessed. Results. IdeS efficiently cleaved mouse

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Section: Conclusion Ides Has Therapeutic Potential In Igg Antibody-mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocking of experimental arthritis by cleavage of IgG antibodies in vivo

Nandakumar¹,

Johansson²,

Björck³

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…147,148 There are several other associations, and data suggest that these might be related to clinical manifestations of RF. 149 To date, very few studies examining the relation between HLA and OCD have been published and the results have been inconclusive. In early studies, the presence of the D8/17 B cell marker, claimed as a non-HLA RF marker, was reported to be increased in OCD/TS and PANDAS patients.…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotypes: implications for genetic studies

et al. 2004

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) clinical presentation is remarkably diverse, and can vary both within and across patients over time. This variability in the phenotypic expression has led to the hypothesis that OCD is a heterogeneous disorder and that this heterogeneity obscures the findings of clinical, natural history and treatment response studies and complicates the search for vulnerability genes. A complete understanding of what comprises OCD and the underlying etiological mechanisms will require a dramatic change in how the disorder is conceptualized. In this review, several different approaches that may represent the first steps in this reconceptualization are discussed. These approaches include (1) narrowing the phenotype to identify categorically defined more homogeneous and mutually exclusive subtypes of OCD, (2) considering OC symptom dimensions as quantitative components of the more complex OCD phenotype and (3) broadening the phenotype to include other etiologically related conditions. A combined dimensional approach within distinctive subgroups is proposed as probably the most effective in helping to identify the heritable components of OCD. By identifying heritable components of OCD, it should be possible to find genes for these separate components. The review continues with the illustration of the possible role of some epigenetic risk and protective factors in the OCD presentation and the relevance of examining associated traits and/or endophenotypes to enhance our ability to understand the genetic basis of OCD. To conclude, we discuss the variability in treatment outcome and the significance of the development of specific pharmacological and/or behavioral based therapies tailored to each of these phenotypes. Molecular Psychiatry (2005) 10, 258-275.

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“…S. pyogenes is a strict human pathogen that causes a broad range of diseases from mild to life-threatening infections [14]. In this bacterium, RNase Y affects the expression of a major virulence factor, the cysteine protease streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin B (SpeB) [7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNase Y-mediated regulation of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B

et al. 2018

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Endoribonuclease Y (RNase Y) is a crucial regulator of virulence in Gram-positive bacteria. In the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, RNase Y is required for the expression of the major secreted virulence factor streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), but the mechanism involved in this regulation remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the 5′ untranslated region of speB mRNA is processed by several RNases including RNase Y. In particular, we identify two RNase Y cleavage sites located downstream of a guanosine (G) residue. To assess whether this nucleotide is required for RNase Y activity in vivo, we mutated it and demonstrate that the presence of this G residue is essential for the processing of the speB mRNA 5′ UTR by RNase Y. Although RNase Y directly targets and processes speB, we show that RNase Y-mediated regulation of speB expression occurs primarily at the transcriptional level and independently of the processing in the speB mRNA 5′ UTR. To conclude, we demonstrate for the first time that RNase Y processing of an mRNA target requires the presence of a G. We also provide new insights on the speB 5′ UTR and on the role of RNase Y in speB regulation.

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Pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcal Infections

Cited by 1,606 publications

References 530 publications

Blocking of experimental arthritis by cleavage of IgG antibodies in vivo

Blocking of experimental arthritis by cleavage of IgG antibodies in vivo

Obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotypes: implications for genetic studies

RNase Y-mediated regulation of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B

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