Pathogenesis of foreign body infection. Evidence for a local granulocyte defect.

Zimmerli, Werner; Lew, P D; Waldvogel, Francis

doi:10.1172/jci111305

Cited by 455 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…aureus Wood 46, a protein A-deficient strain, was used as the infecting microorganism for experimental tissue cage infection [4,5]. Occasionally, S. aureus Cowan I, a protein A-rich strain, or Staphylococcus epidermidis KH II, a clinical isolate from a catheter-related sepsis [31], were used.…”

Section: Experimental Infections and Protection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the same strain was unable to cause significant infection when injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally at an inoculum as high as 10 8 cfu in the absence of tissue cages [2,4]. Significant defects in the phagocytic and bactericidal functions [2,4,5] of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were observed in the infected tissue cage fluid, an inflammatory exudate elicited by the subcutaneous implant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Not only strains of Staphylococcus aureus endowed with numerous virulence determinants but also species of coagulase-negative staphylococci previously considered nonpathogenic are recovered on infected orthopedic prostheses or cardiovascular devices [I, 2]. Animal models have confirmed the high susceptibility of artificial implants to low inocula of staphylococci [3][4][5], even of weakly virulent strains. These observations confirmed the ineffectiveness of local host defense mechanisms against microorganisms colonizing the implants [2][3][4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal models have confirmed the high susceptibility of artificial implants to low inocula of staphylococci [3][4][5], even of weakly virulent strains. These observations confirmed the ineffectiveness of local host defense mechanisms against microorganisms colonizing the implants [2][3][4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of Tumor Necrosis Factor to Host Defense against Staphylococci in a Guinea Pig Model of Foreign Body Infections

Vaudaux¹,

Ge²,

Huggler³

et al. 1992

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Section: Experimental Infections and Protection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of Tumor Necrosis Factor to Host Defense against Staphylococci in a Guinea Pig Model of Foreign Body Infections

Vaudaux¹,

Ge²,

Huggler³

et al. 1992

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Superoxide (0 2 -) production was determined at J'lDC spectrophotometrically (550 nm, mM extinction coefficient of 21,100 M-I em:') by continuously monitoring the O 2--dismutase (300 units/ml)-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome-C (120 JLg/ml) in a double-beam spectrophotometer (model 35, Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, CA) with a temperature regulator set, as described previously [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Formylpeptide Receptors, C5a Receptors, and Cytosolic-Free Calcium in Neutrophil Priming

Zimmerli

Reber²,

Dahinden³

1990

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Role of Rifampin for Treatment of Orthopedic Implant–Related Staphylococcal Infections <SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

Zimmerli

Widmer²,

Blatter³

et al. 1998

JAMA

984

626

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for the Foreign-Body Infection (FBI) Study GroupContext.-Rifampin-containing regimens are able to cure staphylococcal implant-related infections based on in vitro and in vivo observations. However, this evidence has not been proven by a controlled clinical trial.Objective.-To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a rifampin combination in staphylococcal infections associated with stable orthopedic devices.Design.-A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial conducted from 1992 through 1997.Setting.-Two infectious disease services in tertiary care centers in collaboration with 5 orthopedic surgeons in Switzerland.Patients.-A total of 33 patients with culture-proven staphylococcal infection associated with stable orthopedic implants and with a short duration of symptoms of infection (exclusion limit Ͻ1 year; actual experience 0-21 days).Intervention.-Initial debridement and 2-week intravenous course of flucloxacillin or vancomycin with rifampin or placebo, followed by either ciprofloxacinrifampin or ciprofloxacin-placebo long-term therapy.Main Outcome Measures.-Cure was defined as (1) lack of clinical signs and symptoms of infection, (2) C-reactive protein level less than 5 mg/L, and (3) absence of radiological signs of loosening or infection at the final follow-up visit at 24 months. Failure was defined as (1) persisting clinical and/or laboratory signs of infection or (2) persisting or new isolation of the initial microorganism.Results.-A total of 18 patients were allocated to ciprofloxacin-rifampin and 15 patients to the ciprofloxacin-placebo combination. Twenty-four patients fully completed the trial with a follow-up of 35 and 33 months. The cure rate was 12 (100%) of 12 in the ciprofloxacin-rifampin group compared with 7 (58%) of 12 in the ciprofloxacin-placebo group (P=.02). Nine of 33 patients dropped out due to adverse events (n=6), noncompliance (n=1), or protocol violation (n=2). Seven of the 9 patients who dropped out were subsequently treated with rifampin combinations, and 5 of them were cured without removal of the device.Conclusion.-Among patients with stable implants, short duration of infection, and initial debridement, patients able to tolerate long-term (3-6 months) therapy with rifampin-ciprofloxacin experienced cure of the infection without removal of the implant.

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Pathogenesis of foreign body infection. Evidence for a local granulocyte defect.

Cited by 455 publications

References 42 publications

Contribution of Tumor Necrosis Factor to Host Defense against Staphylococci in a Guinea Pig Model of Foreign Body Infections

Contribution of Tumor Necrosis Factor to Host Defense against Staphylococci in a Guinea Pig Model of Foreign Body Infections

The Role of Formylpeptide Receptors, C5a Receptors, and Cytosolic-Free Calcium in Neutrophil Priming

Role of Rifampin for Treatment of Orthopedic Implant–Related Staphylococcal Infections <SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

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