Pathogenesis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans

Burkovski, Andreas

doi:10.1002/9781118644843.ch38

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 123 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At the beginning of the 20th century the introduction of mass vaccination with diphtheria toxoid vaccine led to a sharp decline of diphtheria cases (for review, see [4]). However, the disease was never fully eradicated and to date a few thousand cases are still reported to the World Health Organization every year [5,6]. Due to this persistence and an overall case-fatality rate of 5% to 10%, with higher death rates of up to 20% among patients younger than 5 years and in unprotected patients, C. diphtheriae is still present on the list of the most important global death-provoking pathogens [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Weerasekera

Hahn

Herrmann

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When infecting a human host, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans are able to impair macrophage maturation and induce cell death. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. As a framework for this project, a combination of fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity assays, live cell imaging, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting was applied to understand the pathogenicity of two Corynebacterium strains isolated from fatal cases of systemic infections. The results showed a clear cytotoxic effect of the bacteria. The observed survival of the pathogens in macrophages and, subsequent, necrotic lysis of cells may be mechanisms explaining dissemination of C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans to distant organs in the body.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Weerasekera

Hahn

Herrmann

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…C. ulcerans is an emerging pathogen [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], and during the past decade diphtheria-like infections with toxigenic C. ulcerans have outnumbered those caused by toxigenic C. diphtheriae in many industrialized countries [ 9 ]. Moreover, during the last years, other human infections associated with C. ulcerans appear to be increasing in various countries, and can most often be ascribed to zoonotic transmission (for an example, see References [ 10 , 11 ]; for a review, see Reference [ 7 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen, which is increasingly recognized as an etiological agent of diphtheria, but can also evoke ulcers of the skin and systemic infections in humans. Besides man, the bacteria can colonize a wide variety of different animals, including cattle and pet animals, which might serve as a reservoir for human infections. In this study, surface-located proteins and the exoproteome of two Corynebacterium ulcerans strains were analyzed, since these may have key roles in the interaction of the pathogen with host cells. Strain 809 was isolated from a fatal case of human respiratory tract infection, while strain BR-AD22 was isolated from a nasal swap of an asymptomatic dog. While a very similar pattern of virulence factors was observed in the culture supernatant and surface protein fractions of the two strains, proteome analyses revealed a higher stability of 809 cells compared to strain BR-AD22. During exponential growth, 17% of encoded proteins of strain 809 were detectable in the medium, while 38% of the predicted proteins encoded by the BR-AD22 chromosome were found. Furthermore, the data indicate differential expression of phospholipase D and a cell wall-associated hydrolase, since these were only detected in strain BR-AD22.

show abstract

“…Growth tests at different temperatures and analysis of PLD activity indicate that C. silvaticum growth and virulence is strictly dependent on temperatures around 37 °C, which fits with its isolation from abscesses in wild boar and roe deer. Furthermore, from this temperature profile, it may be expected that C. silvaticum will not cause skin infections as found for C. ulcerans and C. diphtheriae [ 15 ]. Furthermore, C. ulcerans 809 seem to have a temperature-regulated PLD expression, which solves the question as to why no PLD protein and activity was found in a previous study [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, also the closely related Corynebacterium ulcerans , which was first described in 1927 [ 13 ], can evoke diphtheria-like symptoms. In fact, cases of diphtheria associated with C. ulcerans infections have outnumbered cases attributed to C. diphtheriae in European countries [ 14 ] and consequently C. ulcerans is recognized as an emerging pathogen today [ 15 , 16 ]. C. ulcerans infections of humans are almost exclusively the result of zoonotic transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Extracellular Proteome of the Animal Pathogen Corynebacterium silvaticum, a Close Relative of Zoonotic Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corynebacterium silvaticum is a newly described animal pathogen, closely related to the emerging human pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a major pathogen of small ruminants. In this study, proteins of a whole cell and a shaving fraction and the exoproteome of C. silvaticum strain W25 were analyzed as a first proteome study of this species. In total, 1305 proteins were identified out of 2013 proteins encoded by the W25 genome sequence and number of putative virulence factors were detected already under standard growth conditions including phospholipase D and sialidase. An up to now uncharacterized trypsin-like protease is by far the most secreted protein in this species, indicating a putative role in pathogenicity. Furthermore, the proteome analyses carried out in this study support the recently published taxonomical delineation of C. silvaticum from the closely related zoonotic Corynebacterium species.

show abstract

Pathogenesis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans

Cited by 10 publications

References 123 publications

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans

Cellular and Extracellular Proteome of the Animal Pathogen Corynebacterium silvaticum, a Close Relative of Zoonotic Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About