Pathogenesis of anemia in malaria: a concise review

Ghosh, Kanjaksha; Ghosh, Kinjalka

doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0742-1

Cited by 84 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Kasturi Haldar et al, 7 and Kanjaksha Ghosh et al, [8] had discussed about multi-factorial causation of anemia in malaria patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further research would be needed to find exact causes of those abnormalities in patients infected with malaria parasite. Some of the studies, 6,7,8,15 had aimed for the same and had indicated immune mechanism, 8,15 and role of inflammatory markers, 6,7,8 in causation of hematological disturbances in patients suffering from malaria. In our study, most of the patients were anemic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Change in Hematological disturbances in Malaria in Eastern India: an observational study

Mukherjee

Chakrabarty

Sinharoy

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Abstract:Objectives: We wanted to find out the change and pattern of hematological disturbances in patients suffering from malaria and whether the hematological disturbances had any correlation with morbidity in them. Materials and methods: In a retrospective, observational study, first 100 admitted malaria patients in a tertiary medical institute in Kolkata, was taken from August 2009 to July 2011 and their demographic, clinical and laboratorial records were noted and analysed. Results: Seventy-one patients (71%) had anemia, ninety patients (90%) had thrombocytopenia, twenty-six patients (26%) had leucopenia and two patients (2%) had leukocytosis. Vivax malaria patients had lower platelet count than their falciparum counterparts, whereas falciparum malaria patients had lower hemoglobin, packed cell volume and higher total leukocyte count; all these hematological disturbances were found to be correlated with higher morbidity in patients suffering from malaria. Conclusion: In patients suffering from malaria, there was high incidence of hematological disturbances which was changing pattern and also correlated with morbidity.

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“…Kasturi Haldar et al, 7 and Kanjaksha Ghosh et al, [8] had discussed about multi-factorial causation of anemia in malaria patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Hematological disturbances in Malaria in Eastern India: an observational study

Mukherjee

Chakrabarty

Sinharoy

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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“…The malariaspecific factors are described in detail in a review by Ghosh and Ghosh. 19 One of the key features that explain chronic anemia as one complication of severe malaria is a low reticulocyte response and high serum erythropoietin levels and ongoing hemolysis. 20 These factors interact with other coexisting infections and nutritional deficiencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Polyclonal Malaria, Gametocytemia, and Pneumonia to Infant Severe Anemia Incidence in Malaria Hyperendemic Pemba, Tanzania

Jaenisch

Sazawal

Dutta

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The causative factors for severe anemia incidence in sub-Saharan Africa are multifactorial. In an observational, longitudinal study of two cohorts of about 300 infants followed-up for six months in a malaria hyperendemic area, the risk factors for severe anemia incidence were clinical malaria and pneumonia, which outweighed nutritional and sociodemographic factors. Severe anemia incidence was 1-2/year at age 2 months, peaked around 6-7/year at age 7-12 months, and decreased back to 1-2/year at age 16-22 months. The age-dependent increase of severe anemia incidence was shown to be parallel to the age-dependent increase of clinical malaria. Previous clinical malaria episodes increased the severe anemia risk by 80%, and gametocyte carriage and pneumonia at prior visit was associated with a six-fold increase and a 10-fold increase, respectively. The role of pneumonia and malaria as risk factors, and areas for interventions for severe anemia, should not be underestimated.

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“…There are multiple causes of anemia in a malaria infection 18 ( Figure 3) and it is likely that several of the mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of SMA.…”

Section: Severe Malarial Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fate of the Red Cells: Insights from Two Models of Severe Malarial Anemia

Harris¹

2011

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Malaria, a disease caused by an intracellular parasite of the genus Plasmodium, causes 350-500 million cases annually with 1-2 million deaths. The majority of these deaths occur in children in sub-Saharan Africa due to complications of P. falciparum infection, such as severe malarial anemia (SMA). The pathogenesis of SMA is complex and not well understood; however, it is known that there is greater destruction of red cells The first model we utilized was a well established model of malarial anemia involving the rodent parasite P. chabaudi in C57BL/6 mice. We ascertained that Crry partial deficiency did not result in more severe anemia evident by blood counts, but did result in a higher level of erythrophagocytosis which could be negated with supplementation of the deficient protein. These findings indicate that Crry is important in red cell protection during a malaria infection. Since Crry, whose function is to protect host cells from complement attack, is important in red cell protection during a malaria infection, does that necessarily mean C3 is deleterious and/or causes more severe anemia? Our results in C3 deficient animals suggest that it may be harmful since C3 deficient animals had less severe anemia; however, these animals still developed anemia and were able to clear and sequester transferred red cells.In order to study SMA in a model more representative of P. falciparum infection, we developed the second model that was used to investigate SMA pathogenesis. We showed that P. berghei infection following recovery from P. chabaudi infection in C57BL/6 animals resulted in anemia with a low level parasitemia. Characterization of the model revealed similarities to anemia in P. chabaudi infected animals, such as increased organ pathology and erythrophagocytosis. This model can now be used to evaluate factors such as complement and complement regulatory proteins in the development of anemia.v

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Pathogenesis of anemia in malaria: a concise review

Cited by 84 publications

References 48 publications

Change in Hematological disturbances in Malaria in Eastern India: an observational study

Change in Hematological disturbances in Malaria in Eastern India: an observational study

Contributions of Polyclonal Malaria, Gametocytemia, and Pneumonia to Infant Severe Anemia Incidence in Malaria Hyperendemic Pemba, Tanzania

The Fate of the Red Cells: Insights from Two Models of Severe Malarial Anemia

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