Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease: An Overview

Lieber, Charles S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4184-0_13

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…13,14 Excessive alcohol use has been shown to interfere with metabolism, leading to malnutrition and nutrient deficiency. 44 Related to this, studies among cancer survivors show that infection and nutritional and metabolic disorders are among the primary reasons for readmission. [45][46][47][48] AUD may also affect the care received by cancer survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Hospital Readmission Rates and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: A Population Cohort Study

Lai,

Han,

Park

et al. 2024

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

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Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder and is characterized by heavy alcohol use and the inability to control drinking. This study sought to compare the rate, timing, length, and total costs of hospital readmissions among cancer survivors with and without AUD. Methods: We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database in 2017 and 2018 in this cohort study. Cancer survivors with an AUD diagnosis during their index hospitalization were included in the exposure group. Propensity score matching was used to identify cancer survivors without AUD for the control group. The primary outcome was all-cause readmission, and secondary outcomes included days to, length of, and total cost of readmission. Outcomes were measured after 90 and 180 days of follow-up. Logistic regression was used to measure the likelihood of readmission, and negative binomial regression and gamma regression were used for the other outcomes. Results: Of 485,962 cancer survivors, 13,953 (2.9%) had co-occurring AUD. Cancer survivors with AUD had slightly higher odds of 90-day (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06–1.22) and 180-day (odds ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.18) readmission compared with those without AUD. Cancer survivors with AUD who were readmitted after 90 days also had higher readmission costs ($3,785 vs $3,376; P=.03). No differences in time to and length of readmission were observed between groups. The odds of readmission were higher among cancer survivors with AUD irrespective of age and type of cancer. Male, but not female, cancer survivors with AUD were more likely than those without AUD to be readmitted in both follow-up periods. Conclusions: This population-based cohort study of cancer survivors in the United States found that AUD is associated with higher 90- and 180-day readmission rates and higher related health care costs after 90 days of follow-up. Hospitalized cancer survivors with AUD may benefit from addiction treatment and discharge planning that addresses their co-occurring AUD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Hospital Readmission Rates and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: A Population Cohort Study

Lai,

Han,

Park

et al. 2024

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

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“…AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase are liver function enzymes that are typically present in the blood at low levels, and their elevated proportions indicate hepatocellular disease. Alcohol consumption is well‐known to cause liver damage by stimulating excessive fatty acid production and accumulation, leading to various stages of liver inflammation (Lieber, 2004). However, the chronic consumption of nicotine can also affect liver function, as nicotine is primarily metabolized by the liver (Dhouib et al., 2014; Jensen et al., 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption as catalyst for systemic inflammatory storm and bone destruction in apical periodontitis

Pinto,

Fidalgo,

de Lima

et al. 2023

Int Endodontic J

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AimTo assess the periapical alveolar bone pattern and the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, biochemical markers and metabolites in rats subjected to chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption and induced apical periodontitis.MethodologyTwenty‐eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, Alcohol, Nicotine and Alcohol+Nicotine. The alcohol groups were exposed to self‐administration of a 25% alcohol solution, while the other groups were given only filtered water. The nicotine groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of a nicotine solution (0.19 μL of nicotine/mL), whereas the other groups received saline solution. Periapical lesions were induced by exposing the pulps of the left mandibular first molars for 28 days. After euthanasia, the mandibles were removed and the percentage bone volume, bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation and trabecular number of the periapical bone were measured using micro‐computed tomography images. Serum samples were collected for analysis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6 and TNF‐α), biochemical and metabolomic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Nonparametric data were analysed using the Kruskal‐Wallis test followed by Dunn's test, while one‐way anova followed by Tukey's test was performed for parametric data.ResultsThe groups exposed to alcohol or nicotine consumption exhibited an altered bone pattern indicating lower bone density and higher levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α compared to the Control group (p < .05). Significant differences were observed among the groups in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, albumin, uric acid, bilirubin and calcium. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant differences in glycine, phosphocholine, lysine, lactate, valine, pyruvate and lipids (CH2CH2CO), n(CH2) and n(CH3). Most of these parameters were even more altered in the simultaneous consumption of both substances compared to single consumption.ConclusionAlcohol and nicotine chronic consumption altered several metabolic markers, impaired liver and kidney function, increased the production of systemic proinflammatory mediators and harmed the periapical bone microarchitecture in the presence of apical periodontitis. The simultaneous consumption of alcohol and nicotine intensified these detrimental effects.

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“…Tobacco and alcohol consumption present a high risk of mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular diseases as well as lung and other types of cancers [25][26][27]. Use of tobacco and alcohol also reduces the nutrition condition of the users [2,28]. Alcohol is known to cause hypertension [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of co-use of alcohol and tobacco among men in working age group (18-59 years) in India

Anand

Roy

2022

ebph

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Background: The relationship between tobacco and alcohol use is very important in making strategies containing use of these products. Alcohol and tobacco use were studied separately in Indian studies, which can undermine their co-occurrences. The objective of the study is to know the prevalence and socio-economic determinants of co-occurrence of alcohol and tobacco use among men in working age groups. Data Sources: The data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Wave1 was used. It was a cross sectional household survey, which collected information for adults aged 18 years and above. Results: The prevalence of co-use of tobacco and alcohol among men aged 18-59 years was 23.5%. High use of tobacco was found among alcohol user. Age cohorts were also the important determinants of alcohol and tobacco use. The inverted U or V-shape relation was found between age groups and co-use of tobacco and alcohol. The prevalence was lowest for age groups 18-24 years and 50-59 years. Low education attainment and working in informal sector were the main risk factors for high co-use of these substances among men. The study also tried to look at the relationship between the co-use of alcohol and tobacco with some selected health indicators. Use of alcohol and tobacco was significantly related with under nutrition and increasing blood pressure levels among men in India. Conclusion: To contain the use of alcohol and tobacco to improve heath condition among adult men, policies and strategies must be form keeping the importance of their co-occurrences.

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Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease: An Overview

Cited by 12 publications

References 214 publications

Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Hospital Readmission Rates and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: A Population Cohort Study

Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Hospital Readmission Rates and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: A Population Cohort Study

Chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption as catalyst for systemic inflammatory storm and bone destruction in apical periodontitis

Prevalence and determinants of co-use of alcohol and tobacco among men in working age group (18-59 years) in India

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