Pathogenesis of abortion of bovine brucellosis

Samartino, Luis; Enright, Frederick M.

doi:10.1016/0147-9571(93)90001-l

Cited by 81 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Brucellosis is readily transmitted to bison, elk (Cervus elaphus), and cattle (Bos primigenius) by exposure of susceptible animals to aborted fetuses and exudates from the reproductive tract of an infected mother (Samartino and Enright 1993, Thorne 2008, Olsen and Tatum 2010. Although infection occurs in male and female ruminants of all ages, it appears that pregnant females are the sole source of transmission.…”

Section: Brucellosis In Yellowstone Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population

Hobbs

Geremia

Treanor

et al. 2015

Ecological Monographs

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Abstract. The bison (Bison bison) of the Yellowstone ecosystem, USA, exemplify the difficulty of conserving large mammals that migrate across the boundaries of conservation areas. Bison are infected with brucellosis (Brucella abortus) and their seasonal movements can expose livestock to infection. Yellowstone National Park has embarked on a program of adaptive management of bison, which requires a model that assimilates data to support management decisions. We constructed a Bayesian state-space model to reveal the influence of brucellosis on the Yellowstone bison population. A frequency-dependent model of brucellosis transmission was superior to a density-dependent model in predicting out-of-sample observations of horizontal transmission probability. A mixture model including both transmission mechanisms converged on frequency dependence. Conditional on the frequency-dependent model, brucellosis median transmission rate was 1.87 yr À1 . The median of the posterior distribution of the basic reproductive ratio (R 0 ) was 1.75. Seroprevalence of adult females varied around 60% over two decades, but only 9.6 of 100 adult females were infectious. Brucellosis depressed recruitment; estimated population growth rate k averaged 1.07 for an infected population and 1.11 for a healthy population. We used five-year forecasting to evaluate the ability of different actions to meet management goals relative to no action. Annually removing 200 seropositive female bison increased by 30-fold the probability of reducing seroprevalence below 40% and increased by a factor of 120 the probability of achieving a 50% reduction in transmission probability relative to no action. Annually vaccinating 200 seronegative animals increased the likelihood of a 50% reduction in transmission probability by fivefold over no action. However, including uncertainty in the ability to implement management by representing stochastic variation in the number of accessible bison dramatically reduced the probability of achieving goals using interventions relative to no action. Because the width of the posterior predictive distributions of future population states expands rapidly with increases in the forecast horizon, managers must accept high levels of uncertainty. These findings emphasize the necessity of iterative, adaptive management with relatively short-term commitment to action and frequent reevaluation in response to new data and model forecasts. We believe our approach has broad applications.

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Section: Brucellosis In Yellowstone Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population

Hobbs

Geremia

Treanor

et al. 2015

Ecological Monographs

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“…Graciela N. arenas, 1, * Diego J. Grilli, 1 Luis e. Samartino, 3 Javier Magadán 2 and Luis S. Mayorga have not yet been clearly elucidated. It has been suggested that increased susceptibility to infection at late stages of pregnancy could be explained by the presence of erythritol in these tissues.…”

Section: Brucella Alters Endocytic Pathway In J774 Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These differences, related to tissue growth and differentiation, might explain a different development of B. abortus at early and late stages of pregnancy. 1,2,[5][6][7] A study by Pizarro-Cerdá et al 8 suggested that, in non-professional phagocytic (HeLa) cells, Brucella localizes in compartments of the ER to protect itself from destruction. To reach that protected niche, it takes advantage of the phagocytic pathway while avoiding fusion with lysosomes.…”

Section: Brucella Alters Endocytic Pathway In J774 Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since it lacks D-erythrulose 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, its growth is inhibited in the presence of erythritol because of the toxic accumulation of D-erythrulose 1-phosphate. 1 Studies on the pathogenic mechanisms of Brucella abortus in animals have been conducted on trophoblast cell lines. 2 Intracellular localization in the trophoblast was detected for phagosomes and for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brucella alters endocytic pathway in J774 macrophages

Arenas

Grilli²,

Samartino³

et al. 2010

Virulence

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“…In their mammalian reservoir hosts, Bartonella spp. typically cause an intraerythrocytic bacteremia with an often asymptomatic course (Chomel et al 2009), whereas Brucella provoke animal brucellosis, a chronic infection characterized by abortion probably due to the infection of trophoblasts, infertility, or birth of weak infected offspring (Hignett et al 1966;Samartino and Enright 1993). Animal brucellosis is a significant economic burden in the endemic regions that span from central Asia to South America through the Middle East and the Mediterranean region (Pappas et al 2006;Roop et al 2009).…”

Section: Bartonella and Brucella: Closely Related Pathogens With Distmentioning

confidence: 99%