Pathogenesis mechanisms of phytopathogen effectors

Abstract

Plants commonly face the threat of invasion by a wide variety of pathogens and have developed sophisticated immune mechanisms to defend against infectious diseases. However, successful pathogens have evolved diverse mechanisms to overcome host immunity and cause diseases. Different cell structures and unique cellular organelles carried by plant cells endow plant‐specific defense mechanisms, in addition to the common framework of innate immune system shared by both plants and animals. Effectors serve as crucial virulence weapons employed by phytopathogens to disarm the plant immune system and promote infection. Here we summarized the many diverse strategies by which phytopathogen effectors overcome plant defense and prospected future perspectives. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology

Plasmopara viticola effector PvCRN11 induces disease resistance to downy mildew in grapevine

“…In nature, plants are continuously exposed to pathogens throughout their lives. Effectors from plant pathogens are generally vi/rulence proteins that are centrally involved in plant‐pathogen interactions (Birch et al., 2009; da Cunha et al., 2007; He et al., 2020; Sun et al., 2023; Tyler, 2009; Wang & Jiao, 2019; Wang, Pruitt, et al., 2022). With the complete genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of P. viticola , a repertoire of genes that encode secreted proteins containing the LFLAK motif have been predicted to be CRN effectors (Brilli et al., 2018; Mestre et al., 2016; Yin et al., 2015; Yin, An, et al., 2017).…”