Pathogen life-cycle leaves footprint on the spatial distribution of recruitment of their host plants

Perea, A.; Garrido, José Luis Hernando; Fedriani, José M.; Rey, Pedro J.; Alcántara, Julio M.

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100974

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Intraspecific processes, such as resource competition or density‐dependent enemies, are weaker when densities are lower and when plants are farther away from conspecific adults (Bagchi et al., 2010; Connell, 1971; Janzen, 1970; Le Roux et al., 2013; Perea et al., 2020). Lower densities in seed clusters reduce distance‐ and density‐dependent mortality, leading to weaker levels of spatial self‐thinning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…foraging activity and scape hypothesis; Howe, 1989; Russo et al., 2006; Verdú & García‐Fayos, 1996). Conversely, seeds of dry‐fruited species are usually highly aggregated due to wind, gravity or scatter hoarding, which enhance the strength of density‐dependent mechanisms and the spatial self‐thinning, especially if they are deposited close to the mother plant (Beckman et al., 2012; Bell et al., 2006; Nathan & Muller‐Landau, 2000; Perea et al., 2020). Indeed, we found that the neighbourhood density of saplings of fleshy‐fruited species was on average 0.843 saplings/m 2 , less than half that of dry‐fruited species (1.958 saplings/m 2 ), while thinning was on average five times stronger in dry‐fruited than in fleshy‐fruited species (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intraspecific processes, such as resource competition or densitydependent enemies, are weaker when densities are lower and when plants are farther away from conspecific adults (Bagchi et al, 2010;Connell, 1971;Janzen, 1970;Le Roux et al, 2013;Perea et al, 2020).…”

Section: Consequences Of Seed Dispersal On the Spatial Self-thinning Of Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adults are defined as large individuals that showed evidence of being reproductive. A similar experimental design can be found in Perea et al (2020). The plots correspond to old-growth forest stands, with homogeneous environments, and without evidence for recent disturbances.…”

Section: Sampling Design For Point Pattern Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these results clearly suggest that processes that drive recruitment leave a legacy on the spatial structure at the adult stage. Connell, 1971;Janzen, 1970;Le Roux et al, 2013;Perea et al, 2020).…”

Section: Spatial Legacy Of Early Recruitment On the Spatial Structure...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legacy effects of seed dispersal mechanisms shape the spatial interaction network of plant species in Mediterranean forests

et al. 2021

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Seed dispersal by frugivores plays a key role in structuring and maintaining tree diversity in forests. However, little is known about how the spatial legacy of seed dispersal and early recruitment shapes spatial patterns and the spatial interaction network of plant species in mature forest communities. We analysed two fully mapped mixed Pine–Oak forest communities using spatial point pattern analysis to determine (a) the detailed structure of the intraspecific spatial patterns of saplings and adults, (b) the intra‐ and interspecific spatial interaction of saplings, adults and saplings relative to adults, (c) the spatial patterns of species richness at the community level and (d) whether seed dispersal mechanisms affect the plant–plant interaction networks and the ratio of adult to sapling neighbourhood densities used as surrogate for spatial self‐thinning. The intraspecific spatial patterns of saplings and adults showed in general complex nested cluster structures that were similar for sapling and adult stages, despite substantial self‐thinning in some dry‐fruited species. The spatial network of saplings was characterized by positive spatial interactions. Adults of several tree species facilitated saplings in their proximity; however, adults of dry‐fruited species, but not those of fleshy‐fruited ones, lost almost all positive interactions that occurred at the sapling stage. Besides, interaction strength between adults was positive and often significantly stronger if both species were fleshy‐fruited. At the community level, the forests were structured into multispecies clumps across all life stages. Synthesis. Our analyses highlight the importance of the spatial legacy of seed dispersal and early recruitment in the assembly of plant communities. Particularly, animal seed dispersal can lead to multispecies clusters and positive spatial associations across life stages in Mediterranean forests, with surprisingly little signatures of negative interactions. Our analysis suggests that changes of the spatial structure across plant life stages are driven by seed dispersal mechanisms and subsequent spatial self‐thinning, generating a spatial footprint at the sapling stage that conditions the long‐term interactions between adult plants. Combining spatial point pattern analysis with network analysis and species traits is a promising way to disentangle the processes underlying observed patterns of local diversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences Of Seed Dispersal On the Spatial Self-thinning Of Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Design For Point Pattern Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Legacy Of Early Recruitment On the Spatial Structure...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legacy effects of seed dispersal mechanisms shape the spatial interaction network of plant species in Mediterranean forests

et al. 2021

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Mutualistic and antagonistic phyllosphere fungi contribute to plant recruitment in natural communities

Pajares‐Murgó,

Garrido,

Perea

et al. 2024

Journal of Ecology

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Phyllosphere fungal communities participate in multiple ecological functions (litter decomposition, disease‐causing, plant defence). However, there is a lack of knowledge on whether and how these functions contribute to plant community dynamics under natural conditions. One of the aspects of plant dynamics in which these fungi can most clearly affect is recruitment, since the success of newly germinated plants can be seriously compromised by pathogenic activity or the absence of mutualistic interactions. To determine the relationship between phyllosphere fungal communities and plant recruitment, we combined published information on the frequency of plant–plant recruitment interactions and phyllosphere fungal communities in 38 woody species from two mixed forests in southern Spain. Our results indicate that phyllosphere pathogens and saprotrophs have a negative effect on canopy–recruit interactions, while epiphytic fungi have a positive effect. Additionally, the presence of canopy species hosting high richness of epiphytes or counting with a high diversity of saprotrophic fungi favours the formation of an abundant sapling bank. Synthesis. Our results suggest that phyllosphere fungi play a relevant role in the assembly of the sapling bank in forest communities, thus, potentially influencing plant community dynamics. Beyond the well‐known negative effect of pathogenic fungi on recruitment, our results show the mutualistic effect of fungal epiphytes and a dual role of saprotrophs as antagonistic, decreasing recruitment of certain species, or mutualistic, enhancing recruitment in the sapling bank.

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The relationship between pathogen life‐history traits and metapopulation dynamics

2022

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Summary Plant pathogen traits, such as transmission mode and overwintering strategy, may have important effects on dispersal and persistence, and drive disease dynamics. Still, we lack insights into how life‐history traits influence spatiotemporal disease dynamics. We adopted a multifaceted approach, combining experimental assays, theory and field surveys, to investigate whether information about two pathogen life‐history traits – infectivity and overwintering strategy – can predict pathogen metapopulation dynamics in natural systems. For this, we focused on four fungal pathogens (two rust fungi, one chytrid fungus and one smut fungus) on the forest herb Anemone nemorosa. Pathogens infecting new plants mostly via spores (the chytrid and smut fungi) had higher patch occupancies and colonization rates than pathogens causing mainly systemic infections and overwintering in the rhizomes (the two rust fungi). Although the rust fungi more often occupied well‐connected plant patches, the chytrid and smut fungi were equally or more common in isolated patches. Host patch size was positively related to patch occupancy and colonization rates for all pathogens. Predicting disease dynamics is crucial for understanding the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of host–pathogen interactions, and to prevent disease outbreaks. Our study shows that combining experiments, theory and field observations is a useful way to predict disease dynamics.

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Pathogen life-cycle leaves footprint on the spatial distribution of recruitment of their host plants

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Legacy effects of seed dispersal mechanisms shape the spatial interaction network of plant species in Mediterranean forests

Legacy effects of seed dispersal mechanisms shape the spatial interaction network of plant species in Mediterranean forests

Mutualistic and antagonistic phyllosphere fungi contribute to plant recruitment in natural communities

The relationship between pathogen life‐history traits and metapopulation dynamics

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