Pathogen detection with electrochemical biosensors: Advantages, challenges and future perspectives

Kaya, Hüseyin Oğuzhan; Çetin, Arif E.; Azimzadeh, Mostafa; Topkaya, Seda Nur

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.114989

Cited by 138 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…In response to this, a great number of extraction/lysis methods have been developed for use in tandem with diagnostic methods utilizing nucleic acids as the target biomarkers, as they are both simple to apply to POC settings while maintaining sensitivity and specificity and are amenable to scaling up for high-throughput clinical laboratory testing for a large number of pathogens [ 21 , 26 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ]. Similarly, many separation methodologies have been developed to complement the number of extraction methods for use with analytical setups in various settings and sizes [ 76 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 ].…”

Section: Medical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the rise of personalized medicine and increasing research into technologies supporting it, biosensors are becoming an increasingly utilized technology for many diagnostic methodologies [ 82 ]. The IUPAC definition of a biosensor is “a device that uses specific biochemical reactions mediated by isolated enzymes, immunosystems, tissues, organelles or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal, or optical signals”, or, more concisely, a device that converts a binding event between a target biomarker or pathogen and a recognition element into a measurable, quantifiable signal [ 79 , 83 ]. In very broad terms, a biosensing device consists of a biorecognition element that detects a target biomarker, a transducer that converts this detection into a signal, and an amplifier and electronic interface [ 47 , 48 , 79 , 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IUPAC definition of a biosensor is “a device that uses specific biochemical reactions mediated by isolated enzymes, immunosystems, tissues, organelles or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal, or optical signals”, or, more concisely, a device that converts a binding event between a target biomarker or pathogen and a recognition element into a measurable, quantifiable signal [ 79 , 83 ]. In very broad terms, a biosensing device consists of a biorecognition element that detects a target biomarker, a transducer that converts this detection into a signal, and an amplifier and electronic interface [ 47 , 48 , 79 , 83 , 84 ]. As depicted in Figure 5 , each of these components is usually contained in a single, monolithic device that performs the sample preparation, testing, and readout and can be developed for detecting a wide array of biomarkers using a variety of signal transduction mechanisms, providing an incredibly useful setup for POC diagnostics due to its portability, simple operation, direct result readout, high sensitivity and specificity, and minimal sample preparation requirements for samples such as whole blood [ 48 , 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sample Preparation and Diagnostic Methods for a Variety of Settings: A Comprehensive Review

Nichols

Geddes

2021

Molecules

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Sample preparation is an essential step for nearly every type of biochemical analysis in use today. Among the most important of these analyses is the diagnosis of diseases, since their treatment may rely greatly on time and, in the case of infectious diseases, containing their spread within a population to prevent outbreaks. To address this, many different methods have been developed for use in the wide variety of settings for which they are needed. In this work, we have reviewed the literature and report on a broad range of methods that have been developed in recent years and their applications to point-of-care (POC), high-throughput screening, and low-resource and traditional clinical settings for diagnosis, including some of those that were developed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to covering alternative approaches and improvements to traditional sample preparation techniques such as extractions and separations, techniques that have been developed with focuses on integration with smart devices, laboratory automation, and biosensors are also discussed.

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Section: Medical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sample Preparation and Diagnostic Methods for a Variety of Settings: A Comprehensive Review

Nichols

Geddes

2021

Molecules

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“…Whole cells, subcellular organelles, fine sections of cellular tissues, membrane receptors, nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), antibodies, enzymes, and peptides are commonly used [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. On the other hand, the transducer is responsible for transform the biochemical interaction between the recognition element and the analyte into a quantifiable signal [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In electrochemical biosensors, this quantifiable signal commonly consists of a current or changes in the impedance of the biosensor/analyte interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bioinspired Peptide in TIR Protein as Recognition Molecule on Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of E. coli O157:H7 in an Aqueous Matrix

et al. 2021

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Currently, the detection of pathogens such as Escherichia coli through instrumental alternatives with fast response and excellent sensitivity and selectivity are being studied. Biosensors are systems consisting of nanomaterials and biomolecules that exhibit remarkable properties such as simplicity, portable, affordable, user‑friendly, and deliverable to end‑users. For this, in this work we report for the first time, to our knowledge, the bioinformatic design of a new peptide based on TIR protein, a receptor of Intimin membrane protein which is characteristic of E. coli. This peptide (named PEPTIR‑1.0) was used as recognition element in a biosensor based on AuNPs‑modified screen‑printed electrodes for the detection of E. coli. The morphological and electrochemical characteristics of the biosensor obtained were studied. Results show that the biosensor can detect the bacteria with limits of detection and quantification of 2 and 6 CFU/mL, respectively. Moreover, the selectivity of the system is statistically significant towards the detection of the pathogen in the presence of other microorganisms such as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. This makes this new PEPTIR‑1.0 based biosensor can be used in the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of E. coli in aqueous matrices.

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“…Although there has been a significant improvement in current biosensors, the design and fabrication are still challenging and time-consuming. These challenges are bolder in bio-receptors and assay matrix design, achieving specific binding and detecting low concentration target molecules within a low-volume sample [12][13][14][15][16]. Scientists have been using various active and passive methods to improve biosensors' sensing and fabrication to resolve these challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Control Techniques for Enhancing the Bio-Recognition Performance of Microfluidic-Integrated Biosensors

et al. 2021

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Biosensors are favored devices for the fast and cost-effective detection of biological species without the need for laboratories. Microfluidic integration with biosensors has advanced their capabilities in selectivity, sensitivity, controllability, and conducting multiple binding assays simultaneously. Despite all the improvements, their design and fabrication are still challenging and time-consuming. The current study aims to enhance microfluidic-integrated biosensors’ performance. Three different functional designs are presented with both active (with the help of electroosmotic flow) and passive (geometry optimization) methods. For validation and further studies, these solutions are applied to an experimental setup for DNA hybridization. The numerical results for the original case have been validated with the experimental data from previous literature. Convection, diffusion, migration, and hybridization of DNA strands during the hybridization process have been simulated with finite element method (FEM) in 3D. Based on the results, increasing the velocity on top of the functionalized surface, by reducing the thickness of the microchamber in that area, would increase the speed of surface coverage by up to 62%. An active flow control with the help of electric field would increase this speed by 32%. In addition, other essential parameters in the fabrication of the microchamber, such as changes in pressure and bulk concentration, have been studied. The suggested designs are simple, applicable and cost-effective, and would not add extra challenges to the fabrication process. Overall, the effect of the geometry of the microchamber on the time and effectiveness of biosensors is inevitable. More studies on the geometry optimization of the microchamber and position of the electrodes using machine learning methods would be beneficial in future works.

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Pathogen detection with electrochemical biosensors: Advantages, challenges and future perspectives

Cited by 138 publications

References 113 publications

Sample Preparation and Diagnostic Methods for a Variety of Settings: A Comprehensive Review

Sample Preparation and Diagnostic Methods for a Variety of Settings: A Comprehensive Review

A Bioinspired Peptide in TIR Protein as Recognition Molecule on Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of E. coli O157:H7 in an Aqueous Matrix

Flow Control Techniques for Enhancing the Bio-Recognition Performance of Microfluidic-Integrated Biosensors

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