Path loss model in typical outdoor environments in the 50–73 GHz band

Abstract

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Field-Measurement-Based Received Power Analysis for Directional Beamforming Millimeter-Wave Systems: Effects of Beamwidth and Beam Misalignment

“…Combined with a limited number of measurement sites, these assumptions may have limited the applicability of the analysis results. However, these same assumptions were widely accepted when measurement data were provided from rotating horn antenna measurements [4], [6], [14]- [19], [31]- [34].…”

“…By utilizing the measurement data, we developed an algorithm that synthesized an arbitrary beamwidth propagation loss and determined that the additional loss in the Daejeon measurements was due to the horn‐antenna beamwidth. The synthesis algorithm is a modification of the omnidirectional synthesis algorithms in with an incorporated beamwidth effect.…”

“…In the development of standardized omnidirectional‐antenna channel models, there have been several algorithm proposals for synthesizing omnidirectional characteristics from rotational scanning horn‐antenna measurement data . Although some differences exist, such as the level of information that is merged to yield synthesized characteristics, all proposed algorithms are limited because they are applicable only for omnidirectional characteristics, not for certain beamwidth characteristics.…”

“…Although some differences exist, such as the level of information that is merged to yield synthesized characteristics, all proposed algorithms are limited because they are applicable only for omnidirectional characteristics, not for certain beamwidth characteristics. Based on the general ideas in , however, we devised an arbitrary beamwidth synthesizing algorithm by including an estimation of the boresight direction to maximize the received power with a given beamwidth. To estimate the maximum received power direction for a given beamwidth, our algorithm was developed to synthesize the power sum from the PADP over the beamwidth interval.…”

“…Note that we provide the assessment of the synthesis algorithm by comparing with our actual omnidirectional antenna measurements. Although proposes omnidirectional synthesis algorithms, they do not provide comparisons with actual omnidirectional measurements.…”