Path antenna gain in an exponential atmosphere

Abstract

The problem of determining path a nte nna gain is t reated here in greater detail t han pre viously [1 , 2, 3).1 The m ethod used here takes in to acco un t for t he first t ime t he ex ponent ial decrease of the gradient of refractive index with height , a nd a scatterin g cr oss section inversely proportional to t he fifth power of t h e scatterin g a ngle. R es ults are given for all combinations of beamwid ths fi nd p ath geom etry, assuming t hat symmetrical beams are used on both ends of t he path a nd t hat atmospheric t urbulen ce is isotropic. The result appears as a function of both of t he beamwid ths, in addition to othe r para meters, a nd thus t he loss in gain cannot be determin ed i ndependently for the t ransmi tting fi nd receiving antenn as. The va lues of t he los in gain are generally lower t han t he previ ous estimates for which a comparison is poss ible.

Path loss measurements versys prediction for long distance tropospheric scatter circuits

“…The expected path antenna gain, G , may be estimated from a paper by Hartman and Wilkerson [1959] in which it is considered to be a function of the free space gains of the transmitting and receiving antennas as well as the ratio of the angular distance, 0, to the halfpower beamwidth, £2, of each antenna, and to the parameters s and r) " s Here r\ is the normalized height of the horizon ray crossover and may be s determined from the paper by Rice, Longly and Norton [ 1959] .…”

New formulas for tropospheric scatter path loss

“…A number of theoretical and computational models have been developed [Booker and Gordon, 1950;Tatarskii, 1971; Rice et al, 1965;Hartman and Wilkerson, 1959;Yeh, 1962]. Further references and a discussion of these models can be found in the work of Larsen [ 1968] or Panter [1972].…”

“…Further references and a discussion of these models can be found in the work of Larsen [ 1968] or Panter [1972]. The most generally accepted model is that of NBS [Rice et al, 1965;Hartman and Wilkerson, 1959] which, based on a large number of empirical results, assumes the refractive index spectrum slope is five. Several arguments can be forwarded in support of using a spectrum slope of 11/3 instead.…”

Adaptive Antenna Control System

“…A number of theoretical and computational models have developed [Rice, et al, 1967;Hartman and Wilkerson, 1959;Booker and Gordon, 1950;Tatarski, 1971;Yeh, 1960]. Further references and a discussion of these models can be found in Larsen ( …”