Path analysis of family resemblance for cranio-facial traits in Andhra Pradesh nuclear families and twins

Byard, Pamela J.; Poosha, D. V. R.; Satyanarayana, M. L.; Rao, D. C.; Russell, J. M.

doi:10.1080/03014468500007831

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Estimation of heritabilities through the variance components approach yielded a wide range of heritabilities (25%-61%) for 23 anthropometric phenotypes, and most of them were significant. Overall, most of these anthropometric phenotypes exhibited moderate (30%-40%) heritabilities, while some of these heritability estimates were relatively low compared to those in other studies in the literature (Devi and Reddy 1983;Poosha et al 1984;Byard et al 1985b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Heritability of Anthropometric Phenotypes in Caste Populations of Visakhapatnam, India

Arya¹,

Duggirala²,

Comuzzie³

et al. 2002

Human Biology

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In this study, we used anthropometric data from six Andhra caste populations to examine heritability patterns of 23 anthropometric phenotypes (linear, craniofacial, and soft tissue measures) with special reference to caste differences. We obtained anthropometric data from 342 nuclear families from Brahmin, Reddy, Telaga, Nagara, Ag. Kshatriya, and Mala castes of Visakhapatnam, India. These caste groups represent the existing hierarchical stratification of Indian populations. We used a variance components approach to determine the heritability (h 2 ) of these 23 anthropometric phenotypes (height, weight, BMI, etc.). The sample consisted of 1918 individuals ranging in age from 6 to 72 years (mean = 21.5, S.D. = 13.8). The heritabilities (h 2 ± S.E.) for all anthropometric traits for the entire sample were significant ( p < 0.0001) and varied from 0.25 ± 0.05 (BMI) to 0.61 ± 0.05 (bizygomatic breadth) after accounting for sex, age, and caste effects. Since data on socioeconomic and nutritional covariates were available for a subset of families, we repeated the genetic analyses using this subset, which has yielded higher heritabilities ranging from 0.21 ± 0.16 (head breadth) to 0.72 ± 0.18 (nasal breadth). In general, craniofacial measurements exhibited higher h 2 compared to linear measures. Breadth measurements and circumferences yielded more or less similar heritabilities. Age and sex effects were significant ( p < 0.0001) for most of the traits, while the effects of caste, socioeconomic status, and nutritional status were inconsistent across the traits. In conclusion, anthropometric phenotypes examined in this study are under appreciable additive genetic influences.Anthropometric phenotypes have been used to study the genetic structure of human populations (Relethford and Lees 1982;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…This data-collection strategy is also necessary in societies such as India, where opposite-sex contact is generally not allowed. For example, Mueller and Titcomb (1977), Poosha et al (1984), and Byard et al (1985aByard et al ( , 1985b have used a similar method of data collection.…”

Section: Study Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of Anthropometric Phenotypes in Caste Populations of Visakhapatnam, India

Arya¹,

Duggirala²,

Comuzzie³

et al. 2002

Human Biology

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“…However, recent studies on the subject indicate that head circumference transmissibility can be fitted into a simple polygenic model with no evidence of common sibiling environmental influence (Poosha et al, 1984). Body height and weight transmissibility are also consistent with the most parsimonious model of only polygenic inheritance (Byard et al, ,1985aMagnus, 1984, Mangnus et al, 19841, although some form of a common environment component for all three morphometriccharacters is probably also implicated (Byard et al, ,1985b. Thus the results of our analyses clearly point to the possibility of existence of two genetic (transmissibility) subsystems, determiningfirst, early postnatal stages of human ontogeny, and second, later phases of child development.…”

Section: Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 78%

Sibling similarity in development of covariation among physical traits in early childhood

Kobyliansky¹,

Livshits²,

Otremsky³

1987

American J Phys Anthropol

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We studied the sibling similarity in development of covariation among body size characters (body weight (W), body length (S) and head circumference (HC) in Tel Aviv infants from birth up to 2 years of age. We investigated the effects of parental geographic origin, profession, age, current residence, and of family size. Multiple regression analysis with "dummy" procedure established that none of these variables had any significant effect on the aforementioned anthropometric traits. The matrices of phenotypic and genetic correlations, based on sibling similarity data, among age-specific W, S, and HC (measured for 12 different ages) were subjected to principal component analysis in order to elucidate patterns over the age groups. The patterns of both analyses, phenotypic and genetic, were quite similar: one factor in each (first genetic and second phenotypic) had a high positive correlation with early, first 2-3 months of life, W, S, and HC. Three other extracted factors correlated strongly, each with late W, S, and HC, respectively. The results of additional principal component analyses of age-specific W, S, and HC matrices separately, indicate the possibility of existence of two genetic subsystems, the first determining early postnatal stages of human ontogeny, and the second, later phases of child development.

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“…All other facial measurements (bizygomatic breadth, total facial height, and nasal height, depth, and breadth) were influenced by common sibling environment, cultural inheritance, marital resemblance, and measurement error. Byard et al [1985b] studied the same families as Poosha et al [1984], but included twin sibs in their analysis. This investigation indicated that all of the measurements showed family resemblance.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft tissue facial resemblance in families and syndrome-affected individuals

et al. 2001

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We investigated soft tissue facial resemblance among relatives with or without syndromes and among related and unrelated individuals diagnosed with the same syndrome. Using correlation coefficients, we compared facial landmark (i.e., three-dimensional coordinate) positions and measurements gained by photogrammetry in various combinations of normal and syndrome-affected individuals. There were fewer significant correlations for the three-dimensional coordinates and measurements between the normal parent-normal child pairs than for the normal sib pairs. There was no discernible pattern for the single measurements in the parent-child pairs, whereas all of the midline vertical measurements were significantly positively correlated in the normal sib pairs. Significant correlations were always positive in all sib comparisons, but ranged from negative to positive in all parent-child correlations. The shared environment of sibs was a possible explanation for their greater resemblance in comparison with parent-child pairs. We also had measurements from 11 subjects (related and unrelated) diagnosed with one of four syndromes, and we used these to compare individuals with the same syndrome by calculating correlation coefficients based on all available pairs of measurements. The highest significant positive correlations were found for related individuals with the same syndrome (0.72 to 0.83). Unrelated individuals with the same syndrome also had significant positive correlations, but they were lower (0.35 to 0.65). We therefore inferred that the genetic similarities between unrelated individuals with syndromes played a role in the resemblance between them, and that common genes and environment in related individuals further contributed to the high correlations found for them.

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Path analysis of family resemblance for cranio-facial traits in Andhra Pradesh nuclear families and twins

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Heritability of Anthropometric Phenotypes in Caste Populations of Visakhapatnam, India

Heritability of Anthropometric Phenotypes in Caste Populations of Visakhapatnam, India

Sibling similarity in development of covariation among physical traits in early childhood

Soft tissue facial resemblance in families and syndrome-affected individuals

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