Paternity Exclusion Analysis and Its Applications to Studies of Nonhuman Primates

Smith, David Glenn; Small, Meredith F.; Ahlfors, Charles E.; Lorey, Fred; Stern, Bonnie; Rolfs, Becky

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-039228-5.50006-1

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Although this social group had only been together about three years, 13 females produced two offspring, and four females produced three offspring, offering a small sample for the preliminary analysis of mating partner preferences. In accordance with the statistical methods of Smith [1982], it was found that males sired two or more offspring with the same female (maternal siblings) with no greater frequency than would be predicted by chance alone, with predicted probabilities based on the reproductive success rates of males in a binomial distribution (males that sired two of two maternal siblings: predicted = 2.18, actual = 2.0; males that sired two of three maternal siblings: predicted = 0.93, actual = 1.0, x2 = 0.31, P > 0.10).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

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Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis

Shively

Smith

1985

American J Primatol

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Dominant males of nonseasonally breeding species should have more opportunity than seasonal breeders to monopolize access to estrous females and thus enhance their reproductive success. They may also use other strategies for maximizing reproductive success such as producing offspring by relatively high ranking females. To test these hypotheses, the paternity of 35 (80%) of 44 Macaca fascicularis offspring, born over a 28-month period, was established using electrophoretically and serologically defined genetic markers. The social ranks of each of the seven potential fathers and 26 potential mothers were determined by recording outcomes of dyadic agonistic interactions. No evidence could be found to support either hypothesis. Further, in view of previously reported significant, positive correlations between male social rank and sexual activity rates in this study group, sexual activity rates do not appear to predict the number of offspring a male sires in this species.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…muluttu by Small and Smith [1982]. Captive environments influence sexual behavior [Wallen, 19821 and could have influenced the frequency or pattern of matings in this group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis

Shively

Smith

1985

American J Primatol

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“…Traditional genetic management techniques are designed to meet the goals of population conservation, particularly in zoo situations where the numbers of founders for captive populations are generally small and the ultimate goal may be reintroduction of the population into the wild. Genetic management in this setting has involved organizing breeding programs on the basis of available pedigree information with the goals of maintaining genetic variability and avoiding inbreeding depression [5, 49]. The goal of conserving variability derives from Fisher's Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection, which predicts that the capacity for adaptation to changing environments is proportional to genetic variance [2, 27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the genetic benefits of the introduction of new animals must be balanced against the potential detriments to colony production. As clearly demonstrated for rhesus monkeys, there may be substantial costs associated with integrating new animals into an established colony in terms of individual injury and colony disruption [47, 49]. Introduction programs designed by behaviorists to introduce new animals into existing social groups may be of great utility for facilitating introduction of new genetic material into the colony [7, 18, 56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic management of nonhuman primates

Williams‐Blangero

VandeBerg

Dyke

2002

J of Medical Primatology

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Genetic management is widely recognized as a critical component of the overall management of captive nonhuman primate colonies which produce animals for biomedical research. In this paper, we review the roles of conservation-oriented genetic management, research-oriented genetic management, genetic management at the level of taxomomic class, genetic management at the level of the population, and quantitative genetic analysis in comprehensive genetic management programs for nonhuman primate colonies. We conclude that genetic management is crucial for maintaining nonhuman primate populations suitable for genetic research on normal and disease-related phenotypes. In addition, for research programs that do not have specific genetic objectives, genetic management is essential to facilitate the selection of samples of well-matched unrelated animals for experimental purposes.

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“…The molecular revolution-Though paternity analysis in a non-human animal was first re-81 ported in 1984 (Smith et al, 1984), ABO blood type (Dodd and Lincoln, 1978), immunoglobulins 82 (Schanfield, 1989), and HLA genotyping (Heise et al, 1983) had been used in cases of disputed 83 human paternity for several years before that. Despite this, molecular studies of parentage were 84 not commonplace in the behavioral literature until the 1990's (Lifjeld et al, 1991;Ribble, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

On the accurate description of social and genetic mating systems

MacManes

2013

Preprint

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Mating systems are critical determinants of the intensity of sexual selection and sexual conflict, but understanding how variation in reproductive behavior influences these phenomena requires consistent, accurate descriptions of the array of mating arrangements observed in nature. As understanding of animal mating systems has evolved, behavioral ecologists have shifted from using behavioral information to an increasing reliance on genetic data to characterize patterns of reproductive behavior and success. Although genetic data are critical for an accurate accounting of parentage and reproductive success, they exclude critical information regarding the nature of behavioral relationships among reproductive partners, thereby potentially confounding fundamentally different types of mating systems. I contend that the ability to identify common evolutionary trends and their underlying selective pressures is significantly enhanced by using a terminological framework that differentiates explicitly between social and genetic mating systems. Furthermore, inclusion of both types of information can reveal new and intriguing relationships between behavior and fitness that further our understanding of how selection shapes mating systems. Here, I offer behavioral ecologists a new terminological framework for the study of mating systems that allows us to more appropriately merge genetic with behavioral data in an attempt to improve our understanding of this critical aspect of animal behavior. Lastly, I suggest a potential way in which we can begin to fully embrace the complexity of animal mating systems, in part via the adoption of a more quantitative framework for behavioral and genetic data.

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Paternity Exclusion Analysis and Its Applications to Studies of Nonhuman Primates

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis

Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis

Genetic management of nonhuman primates

On the accurate description of social and genetic mating systems

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