Paternal incarceration and child-reported behavioral functioning at age 9

Haskins, Anna R.

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.01.001

Cited by 71 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Mother reports of father impulsivity (α = .84) were asked in the Year 5 survey as a measure of the father's behavioral control. This list of variables is concise, which is necessary given the sensitivity of SEM to the number of parameters estimated but accounts for the most salient and consistently identified selection factors (e.g., Haskins, ; Turney et al, ; Wildeman, ). Findings were robust to the inclusion of a wider array of controls including maternal tobacco and alcohol use, parental employment, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and benefit receipt.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paternal incarceration has been consistently associated with higher levels of aggressive, delinquent, or antisocial behavior across a range of rigorous studies using different methodological approaches. A father's recent incarceration is associated with higher levels of aggression in preschoolers (Geller et al, ; Wildeman, ) and externalizing and delinquent behavior in both school‐age children (Geller, ; Haskins, ) and young adults (Murray & Farrington, ; Murray et al, ; Porter & King, ; Roettger & Swisher, ; Wakefield & Wildeman, ). This association is consistently stronger for sons; daughters have shown smaller or statistically nonsignificant behavior changes (Geller et al, ; Haskins, ; Wildeman, , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A father's recent incarceration is associated with higher levels of aggression in preschoolers (Geller et al, ; Wildeman, ) and externalizing and delinquent behavior in both school‐age children (Geller, ; Haskins, ) and young adults (Murray & Farrington, ; Murray et al, ; Porter & King, ; Roettger & Swisher, ; Wakefield & Wildeman, ). This association is consistently stronger for sons; daughters have shown smaller or statistically nonsignificant behavior changes (Geller et al, ; Haskins, ; Wildeman, , ). The theory of same‐sex role models suggests sons may be more sensitive to the influence of their fathers and thereby more affected by paternal incarceration (Foster & Hagan, ) and that acting‐out behavior among sons may be particularly consequential for intergenerational criminal justice involvement (Roettger & Swisher, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This experience can have profound implications for children. Having a father spend time in jail or prison is associated with more aggressive or acting‐out behavior among children from early childhood through adolescence (Haskins, ; Murray & Farrington, ; Roettger & Swisher, ; Wildeman, ). Due in part to these repercussions, incarceration has emerged as an important contributor to the transmission of disadvantage across generations (Wakefield & Wildeman, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Explaining the Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Children's Behavioral Problems

Emory

2018

Family Relations

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Objective To measure the extent to which changes within children's families associated with paternal incarceration account for increased externalizing and acting‐out behavior in children with incarcerated fathers. Background Paternal incarceration has consistently been linked with aggression and acting‐out behaviors in children, yet mechanisms underlying these behavioral problems remain unclear. Identifying these paths is essential for both understanding how incarceration contributes to intergenerational disadvantage and determining how best to mitigate the collateral consequences of incarceration for children. Method Longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study are used with structural equation modeling to test the extent to which the co‐occurring changes to material hardship, family engagement, and caregiver stress mediate the association between paternal incarceration and child behavior at 9 years of age. Results Two key findings emerged from this analysis. First, changes in family‐level well‐being account for nearly half of the total association between recent paternal incarceration and aggressive or externalizing behavior in children. Second, fathers' weakened family relationships and families' increased material hardship are the strongest and most consistent mechanisms explaining these outcomes. Conclusion In clarifying pathways, these findings are an important step toward understanding and ultimately targeting the most harmful components of the incarceration experience for children. Implications A wide array of prevention and intervention efforts exist to mitigate the implications of paternal incarceration for children. These analyses suggest that for child behavioral outcomes, focusing on incarceration‐related changes to material hardship and father engagement occurring within families may be a productive way to disrupt intergenerational disadvantage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explaining the Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Children's Behavioral Problems

Emory

2018

Family Relations

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“…Geller et al 2012, Haskins 2014, Wildeman 2010), extending into middle childhood (e.g. Haskins 2015, Wilbur et al 2007), and continuing to manifest in adolescence and early adulthood (e.g. Murray, Loeber and Pardini 2012, Roettger and Swisher 2011).…”

Section: Mass Incarceration and The Transmission Of Disadvantage Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Boys’ Bad Behavior: Paternal Incarceration and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Haskins

2016

Social Forces

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A growing number of American school-aged children have incarcerated or formally incarcerated parents necessitating a more comprehensive understanding of the intergenerational effects of mass imprisonment. Using the Fragile Families Study, I assess whether having an incarcerated father impacts children’s cognitive skill development into middle childhood. While previous studies have primarily found effects for boys’ behavior problems, matching models and sensitivity analyses demonstrate that experiencing paternal incarceration by age 9 is associated with lower cognitive skills for both boys and girls and these negative effects hold net of a pre-paternal incarceration measure of child cognitive ability. Moreover, I estimate that paternal incarceration explains between 2 and 15 percent of the Black-White achievement gap at age 9. These findings represent new outcomes of importance and suggest that paternal incarceration may play an even larger role in the production of intergenerational inequalities for American children than previously documented.

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Association of Parental Incarceration With Psychiatric and Functional Outcomes of Young Adults

et al. 2019

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Key Points Question Is parental incarceration associated with increased odds of offspring receiving psychiatric diagnoses during young adulthood and experiencing obstacles that can derail a successful transition to adulthood (eg, in health, legal, financial, and social domains)? Findings This cohort study, using data from a community-representative, longitudinal study, found that parental incarceration was associated with young adults’ increased odds of having an anxiety disorder, having a felony charge, spending time in jail, not completing high school, becoming a parent when younger than 18 years, and being socially isolated. Meaning The findings suggest that parental incarceration is associated with offspring’s functional outcomes during young adulthood.

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Paternal incarceration and child-reported behavioral functioning at age 9

Cited by 71 publications

References 53 publications

Explaining the Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Children's Behavioral Problems

Explaining the Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Children's Behavioral Problems

Beyond Boys’ Bad Behavior: Paternal Incarceration and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Association of Parental Incarceration With Psychiatric and Functional Outcomes of Young Adults

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