Paternal age increases the risk for autism in an Iranian population sample

Sasanfar, Roksana; Haddad, Stephen A.; Tolouei, Ala; Ghadami, Majid; Yu, Dongmei; Santangelo, Susan L.

doi:10.1186/2040-2392-1-2

Cited by 60 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The same study showed that the risk for ASD increases 5.75 times in fathers over 40, when comparing to those below 30 years of age, after controlling for year of birth, socioeconomic status and maternal age (25). Similar results were obtained in Iranian population, where again it was proven that ASD risk increases with paternal, but not maternal age (26). In several other studies, it was shown that ASD risk increases with paternal age (22)(23)(24)(25)(27)(28)(29) while in a study done in 2013, this was not confirmed (21).…”

Section: 1supporting

confidence: 59%

Perinatal complications, environmental factors and autism spectrum disorders

Mandic-Maravic¹,

Pejović-Milovančević²,

Gazibara³

et al. 2016

Med podmladak

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Objectives: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by qualitative impairment of social interactions, impairment of verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behavior. ASD represent a group of complex psychiatric disorders, with both genetic and environmental factors implicated in their etiology. Recent neuroanatomical and epidemiological studies point out to prenatal and early postnatal genesis of ASD. Aim: In this review, we present recent studies that explored the effect of environmental, prenatal and perinatal risk factors on development of ASD. Also, we point out those factors that have been proven to have the strongest association with ASD, and emphasize a very complex interaction of individual factors that might eventually lead to manifestation of this group of disorders. Conclusion: A precise defining of risk factors might provide more insight not only into etiology of ASD, but might also give us a possibility for early recognition and possible prevention of autism spectrum disorders, especially in susceptible individuals. It is also a first step in defining the basis of the gene-environment interaction mechanism, which might enable the development of an individualized therapeutic approach for this group of disorders.

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Section: 1supporting

confidence: 59%

Perinatal complications, environmental factors and autism spectrum disorders

Mandic-Maravic¹,

Pejović-Milovančević²,

Gazibara³

et al. 2016

Med podmladak

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“…Some studies found older maternal and paternal age to be independent risk factors for ASD [4][5][6][7]. Others found only maternal or paternal age to be a risk factor; [8][9][10][11][12] and some found an increased risk for ASD associated with advanced parental age in bivariate analyses but not after adjusting for covariates, such as psychopathology [13]. A possible role of parental age in ASD is of concern because trends in parental age at birth have been changing nationally; birth rates to women 35 years and older increased between 1990 and 2010 from 31.7 to 45.9 per 1,000 among 35-39 year old women, 6.1 to 10.2 per 1,000 among 40-44 year olds and 0.2 to 0.7 per 1,000 for 45-49 year old women [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Parental Age and Autism Spectrum Disorders Among New York City Children 0–36 Months of Age

Quinlan

McVeigh

Driver

et al. 2015

Matern Child Health J

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We examined trends in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and the association of ASD with parental age among young New York City (NYC) children. Children born in NYC to resident mothers from 1994-2001 were identified through vital statistics records (N = 927,003). Records were linked to data from NYC Early Intervention (EI) Program through 2004. The independent parental age-specific odds of having an ASD before 36 months of age were estimated using multiple logistic regression controlling for risk factors. The increase in ASD attributable to changes in parental age at birth was examined. Births to mothers and fathers 35 years or older increased 14.9 and 11.5 %, respectively, between 1994 and 2001. ASD prevalence in EI increased significantly from 1 in 3,300 children born in 1994 to 1 in 233 children born in 2001. Children born to mothers ages 25-29, 30-34 and 35 or older had significantly greater odds of being diagnosed with ASD than children of mothers younger than 25 years (OR 1.5, 1.6, and 1.9, respectively). Children born to fathers ages 35 or older (OR 1.4) had greater odds of ASD than children of fathers younger than 25. The change in parental age accounted for only 2.7 % of the increase in ASD prevalence. Older paternal age and maternal age were independently associated with increased risk of ASD. However, while parental age at birth increased between the 1994 and 2001 birth cohorts in NYC, it did not explain the increase in number of ASD cases.

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“…Weighted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated. Three sensitivity analyses were conducted including the removal of studies with (a) the largest magnitude of association; (b) that included autism and high rates of autism spectrum disorders (6,7,36); and (c), high rates of missing data on paternal age (6,8,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%