Some aspects of patenting of the R&D results, in particular, the industrial property objects in the field of materials science, have been identified and analyzed. The achievements of the NASU institutes in the patenting of R&D results in materials science have been analyzed in a comparative manner. The patenting processes in Ukraine and in world countries have been described. K e y w o r d s: materials science, patenting of inventions and useful models, engineering, and innovative activities.