PATELLINS are regulators of auxin-mediated PIN1 relocation and plant development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract

Coordinated cell polarization in developing tissues is a recurrent theme in multicellular organisms. In plants, a directional distribution of the plant hormone auxin is at the core of many developmental programs. A feedback regulation of auxin on the polarized localization of PIN auxin transporters in individual cells has been proposed as a self-organizing mechanism for coordinated tissue polarization, but the molecular mechanisms linking auxin signalling to PIN-dependent auxin transport remain unknown. We used a microarray-based approach to find regulators of the auxin-induced PIN relocation in root, and identified a subset of a family of phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs), the PATELLINs (PATLs). Here, we show that are expressed in partially overlapping cell types in different tissues going through mitosis or initiating differentiation programs. PATLs are plasma membrane-associated proteins accumulated in embryos, primary roots, lateral root primordia and developing stomata. Higher order mutants display reduced PIN1 repolarization in response to auxin, shorter root apical meristem, and drastic defects in embryo and seedling development. This suggests that PATLs play a redundant and crucial role in polarity and patterning in .

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Alligator Weed Leaves Reveals That Cationic Peroxidase 1 Plays Vital Roles in the Potassium Deficiency Stress Response

“…Zhou et al reported that Patellin1 (PATL1) negatively modulates PM Na + /H + antiport activity and modulates cellular redox homeostasis during salt stress in Arabidopsis [43]. In addition, PATLs are involved in auxin signaling cascades by influencing PIN auxin transporter relocation [44]. In our study, one PATL was up-regulated, and this protein may play a vital function in these two physiological processes in leaves.…”

The PIN-FORMED Auxin Efflux Carriers in Plants

“…To achieve this goal, genetic methods combined with the computational analysis of large-scale datasets, such as transcriptome, proteomics and metabolome, may contribute to identifying new regulatory layers and the associated candidates. The successful identification of WRKY23 and PATL as the regulators of PIN polarity rearrangements from transcriptome datasets has shown the power of this approach [ 158 , 159 ]. Thus, the co-expression network and the protein interacting network of PIN proteins presented here might provide a range of potential candidates regulating PIN actions, which await discovery.…”

“…Interestingly, the application of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) abolished PIN1 protein without reduced transcripts, suggesting that epigenetic regulation may have a role in controlling the degradation of PIN1 [ 157 ]. Additionally, several other regulators have been identified as auxin-regulated genes, participating in auxin-mediated PIN polarity rearrangements in an auxin feedback manner, including a WRKY gene member, WRKY23 and a phosphatidylinositol transfer PATELLINS ( PATL ) [ 158 , 159 ]. However, their downstream components in the auxin signaling pathways are yet to be explored.…”

Protein biocargo of citrus fruit-derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicles populations

“…In this study, we isolated vesicle-like organelles from the fruit juice of four Citrus 29 species: C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium. Micro-and nanovesicle fractions were 30 separated, purified and their protein cargo were characterized and compared using a label free 31 quantitative shotgun proteomics. The main aim was to identify elements of the highly complex…”

“…Patellins (PTLs) have been characterized in Arabidopsis, zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) and Glycine 17 max [30] but not yet in citrus. PTL proteins share the typical domain structure that is a SEC14 lipid carrier family protein) relocation in Arabidopsis thaliana [31]. The presence of PTL in vesicular cargo 25 is novel and its biological significance is worth further study.…”