Patagonian ground rules: institutionalizing access at the frontier

Rasmussen, Mattias Borg; Figueroa, Liliana

doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.2009461

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The initial dispossession of such lands for environmental conservation, such as Indigenous displacement or squatter removal, may actually take place long before—though not separately from—the subsequent economic exploitation (Kelly, 2011). The history of Patagonia has centered around its “stabilization as a state space through the production of property” (Rasmussen and Figueroa, 2022, 2), a scenario that has characterized its formation as a settler and then a conservation frontier. Across the region, recently intensifying alliances linking capital, state, and civil society actors have consolidated a development model based on commodifying and consuming wilderness, connecting nation‐building and natural heritage with the rise of green productivism.…”

Section: Nation‐building and The Transformation Of Wilderness Into Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The making of a conservation frontier: Nation‐building, green productivism, and environmentalism in Patagonia

Giminiani

Oakley

2023

J Latin Amer Carib Anth

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In Patagonia, emerging concerns over environmental degradation in frontier territories suggest the constitution of a new type of frontier—the conservation frontier—in which nature is an object of consumption rather than extraction. Conservation frontiers are made through disputed forms of spatialization, in which wilderness can be a refuge, a source of capital accumulation, and a new space for political experimentation. Three overlapping yet conflicting processes constitute the conservation frontier: nation‐building, green productivism, and environmentalism. The material and discursive making of a conservation frontier illustrates how environmental conservation both disrupts and extends settler projects of territorialization.

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Section: Nation‐building and The Transformation Of Wilderness Into Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The making of a conservation frontier: Nation‐building, green productivism, and environmentalism in Patagonia

Giminiani

Oakley

2023

J Latin Amer Carib Anth

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“…During the late nineteenth century, Indigenous societies were subjugated and cleared out for settler colonists through the so‐called ‘Conquest of the Desert’ in Argentina (Briones and Delrio, 2002) and the ‘Pacification of Araucania’ in Chile to the north of Patagonia proper (Klubock, 2014). Complex processes of land allocation and property rights followed military violence and led to the creation of agricultural, forestry, shipping, and export markets (Edwards, 2022; Klubock, 2014; Ogden, 2021; Rasmussen and Figueroa, 2023). Later, the creation of parks led to the eviction of settlers from some of these new conservation spaces.…”

Section: History Of the Conservation Frontiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Patagonian conservation frontier, in the first instance, refers historically to the process whereby the contested Andean borderlands were remade through territorialization projects-the creation of a series of national parks-to make these zones legible to both state and capital. The frontier imaginary-the borderlands as a zone of statelessness and disputed sovereignty-was elaborated in relation to the conservation projects inaugurated in the early twentieth century (Rasmussen and Figueroa, 2023).…”

Section: History Of the Conservation Frontiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It raises the question of the historical development of the conservation frontier as a project that works to transform space. In Patagonia, this conservation project has been layered upon previous modes of control over resources, territories, and peoples (Rasmussen and Figueroa, 2023). As it developed, conservation has drawn upon new domains of value creation, knowledge production, and resource capture (Di Giminiani and Fonck, 2018; Mendoza, 2018; Louder and Bosak, 2023; Ogden, 2021; Rasmussen, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple territorialities and the shifting conservation frontiers of Patagonia

Rasmussen,

Mendoza

2023

J Latin Amer Carib Anth

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This conclusion to the In‐Focus issue examines the conservation frontier in Patagonia. The conservation frontier is a historical process of spatial transformation connected to the mobilization of imaginaries that unlock existing regimes of resource control and promote new territorialization projects. The discussion highlights the creation of national park systems, the securing of the contested border, and the conversion of Andean Patagonia into a space of sublime wilderness. We argue that the contemporary conservation frontier is an open field of contestation defined by its multiplicities. The articles comprising the special issue reflect crosscutting themes regarding frontier multiplicities: varied conservation‐based territorialization projects; the genesis of onto‐epistemic frictions between actors; and disparate frontier temporalities that anchor spatial transformations. These contemporary frontier projects draw attention to new avenues of change related to Indigenous self‐rule and carework, co‐management regimes, infrastructure building efforts, and eco‐apocalyptic temporalities, as well as hyping the possibility of Patagonia as a bastion for alternative energy. Thus, this conclusion highlights how conservation frontiers are historically made and remade in relation to spatial production tied to capitalist dynamics and state formation.

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“…Frontiers act in successive waves (or ‘regimes’), with each wave flowing from the propulsion of those before it (Kronenburg García et al, 2022). Accordingly, land control strategies are not applied on a clean slate, but rather build on and influence one another (Rasmussen & Figueroa, 2022). Which is applied, and to what effect, will thus depend not only on the particular assemblage of actors at a given frontier moment but also on the institutional and politico‐cultural debris left behind by previous struggles (Bastos Lima & Kmoch, 2021; Greco, 2015; Kronenburg García et al, 2022; Rasmussen & Lund, 2018).…”

Section: Some Considerations On Strategizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for understanding land control transfer in agricultural commodity frontiers

del Giorgio

2023

Journal of Agrarian Change

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Across the globe, the expansion of large‐scale commodity agriculture is occurring not into empty space but over existing social systems. An understanding of the dynamics of expansion and associated impacts of commodity agriculture thus fundamentally requires examining how existing control regimes are dissolved and, simultaneously, how novel ones are assembled in order to make way for the changes in resources use that characterize these transitional moments. With this in mind, in this article, I provide a broad review of the strategies used to secure control over land prospected for agricultural commodity production, distinguishing between the tactics that are applied by agro‐interested actors in order to ‘break down’ forms of existing land control, those they apply in parallel to ‘build up’ new control structures, and those strategies that are applied by actors (often smallholders) wishing to ‘hold on to’ the control that they have. I then present a framework for examining the dynamics of control transfer that builds on this analytical structure of ‘breaking down’, ‘building up’, and ‘holding on to’ control.

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Patagonian ground rules: institutionalizing access at the frontier

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

The making of a conservation frontier: Nation‐building, green productivism, and environmentalism in Patagonia

The making of a conservation frontier: Nation‐building, green productivism, and environmentalism in Patagonia

Multiple territorialities and the shifting conservation frontiers of Patagonia

A framework for understanding land control transfer in agricultural commodity frontiers

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