Pasteurella multocida meningitis in infancy - (a lick may be as bad as a bite)

Wade, Timothy G.; Booy, Robert; Teare, E.L.; Kroll, Simon

doi:10.1007/s004310051232

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Bartonella hensalae infection was confirmed by serologic testing of a 50-year-old man from Japan, who lived with a dog that often licked his face [58]. Pasturella sp infections have also been associated with dogs licking human faces [59,60]. Cases exist where organisms from dog saliva have identical biochemical patterns and genotypic similarities with isolates in human infections [61][62][63], supporting that dog saliva is the mode of bacterial transmission [64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of Obesity

Varian¹,

Levkovich²,

Poutahidis³

et al. 2017

J Prob Health

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AnimalsC57BL/6 wild type (wt), oxytocin-wt (oxt-wt) and oxytocin- AbstractCohabitation with pet dogs imparts diverse health benefits to humans including a slim physique. It is known that neuropeptide hormone oxytocin fundamental in human-canine social bonds regulates appetite and body weight. It was recently shown in mice that consuming Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 6475 from human breast milk lowers body weight and up-regulates oxytocin levels in blood. Here we test the hypothesis that bacteria from dog saliva may similarly modulate recipient host body weight. We find that a Lactobacillus spp isolate from dog saliva led to lower body weight when fed to C57BL/6 wild type mice. Mice consuming the canineborne L. reuteri also had elevated oxytocin levels in blood plasma, and exhibited body weight in an oxytocin-dependent manner. Interestingly, killed (lysed) canine bacteria were sufficient to achieve the physiological effects. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that dog bacteria modulate oxytocin levels and body weight in recipient mice, and thus may help reduce risk of obesity in individuals cohabitating with pet dogs. knockout (oxt-ko) B6; 129S-Oxttm1Wsy/J mice (purchased initially from Jackson labs; Bar Harbor, ME) were used in three separate experiments (Figure 1). Mice were housed and handled in Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC)-accredited facilities using techniques and diets including Lactobacillus reuteri as specifically approved by Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Committee on Animal Care (CAC). Mice were housed under standard 12:12 light cycle conditions with lights on at 7 AM. Mice were fed a standard control chow Purina RMH3000. Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of ObesityMice were bred in-house to achieve experimental groups. Each experiment included 5-15 animals per group with one or two replications (total N=10-30 mice examined per group) unless otherwise specified. For the initial studies, C57BL/6 wt mice received Lactobacillus reuteri 2546 isolated from dog saliva. To test putative roles for microbeinduced oxytocin in obesity, oxt-ko mice and their oxt-wt littermates entered experiments at eight weeks of age. At the conclusion of the study mice were euthanized with CO 2 overdose, and were examined as described below. Eight pet dogs served as saliva microbe donors as approved by the MIT-CAC. Saliva was collected from these dogs in the morning before feeding using sterile swabs [Puritan Sterile Polyester Tipped applicators Guilford, Me Ref: 25-806 1PD] in 1.5 ml centrifuge tubes (Safeseal Microcentrifuge Tubes, Sorenson Bioscience Inc. Salt Lace City, UT Cat# 16070). Bacteria were purified from dog saliva as described in detail below. PCR of dog saliva for all Lactobacillus speciesSaliva was collected from eight pet dogs and prepared using High Pure PCR Template kit (Roche Diagnostics) was used without changes to the manufacturer's directions to isolate DNA from the canine saliva. DNA was measured using Nan...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of Obesity

Varian¹,

Levkovich²,

Poutahidis³

et al. 2017

J Prob Health

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“…Bite wound infections with Pasteurella tend to be highly aggressive with skin or soft tissue inflammation, erythema, local lymphadenopathy, fever, pain, and swelling often manifesting within 24 h, but they can present as early as 8 to 12 h (41, 48, 159,166,309). Pasteurellosis has an overall mortality rate of 25 to 30% among reported human cases of animal bite wounds (38, 90,163,288,289,310), with bacteremia found in 40 to 63% of all pasteurellosis patients and meningitis plus neurological complications found in 17 to 29% of patients.…”

Section: Transmission and Prevalence Through Contact With Petsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasteurella multocida: from Zoonosis to Cellular Microbiology

2013

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SUMMARY In a world where most emerging and reemerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in nature and our contacts with both domestic and wild animals abound, there is growing awareness of the potential for human acquisition of animal diseases. Like other Pasteurellaceae , Pasteurella species are highly prevalent among animal populations, where they are often found as part of the normal microbiota of the oral, nasopharyngeal, and upper respiratory tracts. Many Pasteurella species are opportunistic pathogens that can cause endemic disease and are associated increasingly with epizootic outbreaks. Zoonotic transmission to humans usually occurs through animal bites or contact with nasal secretions, with P. multocida being the most prevalent isolate observed in human infections. Here we review recent comparative genomics and molecular pathogenesis studies that have advanced our understanding of the multiple virulence mechanisms employed by Pasteurella species to establish acute and chronic infections. We also summarize efforts being explored to enhance our ability to rapidly and accurately identify and distinguish among clinical isolates and to control pasteurellosis by improved development of new vaccines and treatment regimens.

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“…Less frequently, Pasteurella can be involved in systemic infections such as bacteremia, meningitis, brain abscess, endocarditis, and peritonitis, often associated with cirrhosis and immunosuppression (16,17,43). Cases of meningitis in infancy have been reported repeatedly and were usually related to nontraumatic contact with pet animals (41). Genitourinary infections are rare but may cause peritonitis and perinatal sepsis (34,35,41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cases of meningitis in infancy have been reported repeatedly and were usually related to nontraumatic contact with pet animals (41). Genitourinary infections are rare but may cause peritonitis and perinatal sepsis (34,35,41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Accurate Identification of Human Isolates of Pasteurella and Related Species by Sequencing the sodA Gene

Gautier¹,

Dubois²,

Escande

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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The identification of Pasteurella and related bacteria remains a challenge. Here, a 449-to 473-bp fragment (sodA int ) internal to the sodA gene, encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, was amplified and sequenced with a single pair of degenerate primers from the type strains of Pasteurella (18 strains), Gallibacterium (1 strain), and Mannheimia (5 strains) species. The sodA int -based phylogenetic tree was in general agreement with that inferred from the analysis of the corresponding 16S rRNA gene sequences, with members of the Pasteurella sensu stricto cluster (Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, and Pasteurella stomatis) forming a monophyletic group and Gallibacterium and Mannheimia being independent monophyletic genera. However, the sodA int sequences showed a markedly higher divergence than the corresponding 16S rRNA genes, confirming that sodA is a potent target to differentiate related species. Thirty-three independent human clinical isolates phenotypically assigned to 13 Pasteurella species by a reference laboratory were successfully identified by comparing their sodA int sequences to those of the type species. In the course of this work, we identified the first Gallibacterium anatis isolate ever reported from a human clinical specimen. The sodA int sequences of the clinical isolates displayed less than 2.5% divergence from those of the corresponding type strains, except for the Pasteurella pneumotropica isolates, which were closely related to each other (>98% sodA int sequence identity) but shared only 92% sodA int identity with the type strain. The method described here provides a rapid and accurate tool for species identification of Pasteurella isolates when access to a sequencing facility is available.

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Pasteurella multocida meningitis in infancy - (a lick may be as bad as a bite)

Abstract: Pasteurella multocida is an unusual, but serious cause of meningitis in infancy. It is potentially preventable by the avoidance of contact between young infants and the saliva of household pets, in particular by assiduous hand hygiene.

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of Obesity

Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of Obesity

Pasteurella multocida: from Zoonosis to Cellular Microbiology

Rapid and Accurate Identification of Human Isolates of Pasteurella and Related Species by Sequencing the sodA Gene

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