Pasteurella Cerebral Mycotic Aneurysm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Pasteurella species (spp.) are pleomorphic, Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacilli commonly found in the upper respiratory tract and oral cavities of wild and domesticated animals such as dogs and cats. Pasteurella spp. infections in humans are typically caused by animal bites or scratches, or other inadvertent exposure of an open skin lesion to oral secretions of the animal. While skin and soft tissue infections are relatively common, respiratory infections, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, and mycotic aneurysms have also been documented. To date, nine cases of mycotic aneurysms caused by Pasteurella spp. have been reported. However, only one of those cases has involved a cerebral mycotic aneurysm, and it had a fatal outcome. This report describes a successfully managed Pasteurella cerebral mycotic aneurysm that had occurred as a complication of underlying mitral valve endocarditis.

Rare but Fatal Pasteurella multocida Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…Complications are not uncommon and related to bacteremia and valve vegetation. Reported complications included sepsis, septic emboli [8][9], congestive heart failure [2,[10][11], septic shock [2,10,[12][13]31], mycotic aneurysm [9,14], intracranial hemorrhage [14][15], septic arthritis [12,16], and osteomyelitis [15]. One case reported rhabdomyolysis and hearing loss [41].…”

“…Broad-spectrum cephalosporins, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ampicillin-sulbactam can be used alternatively. One case of Pasteurella endocarditis of the prosthetic mitral valve reported successful treatment with six weeks of IV penicillin without surgery [ 9 ]. Tirmizi et al reported successful treatment of P. pneumotropica endocarditis of the native tricuspid valve with six weeks of oral ciprofloxacin [ 5 ].…”