Past climate changes, population dynamics and the origin of Bison in Europe

Massilani, Diyendo; Guimarães, Sílvia; Brugal, Jean‐Philip; Bennett, E. Andrew; Tokarska, Małgorzata; Arbogast, Rose‐Marie; Baryshnikov, Gennady; Боескоров, Г. Г.; Castel, Jean-Christophe; Davydov, S.; Madelaine, Stéphane; Putelat, Olivier; Spasskaya, Natalia N.; Uerpmann, Hans Peter; Grange, Thierry; Geigl, Eva-María

doi:10.1101/063032

Cited by 19 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This Spanish–Belgium group has been shown to be connected with the southeast European and Western Asian clade (Meiri et al., ; also known as lineage C). Similar patterns have been reported for other species (García‐Vázquez, Pinto Llona, & Grandal‐d'Anglade, ; Massilani et al., ; Valdiosera et al., ). García‐Vázquez et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Mitochondrial DNA of pre‐last glacial maximum red deer from NW Spain suggests a more complex phylogeographical history for the species

Rey‐Iglesia

Grandal-d’Anglade

Campos

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The major climatic oscillations that characterized the Quaternary had a great influence on the evolution and distribution of several species. During cold periods, the distribution of temperate‐adapted species became fragmented with many surviving in southern refugia (Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsulas). Red deer was one of the species that contracted its original range to southern refugia. Currently, two main lineages have been described for the species: western and eastern. We have analyzed fossils pre‐dating the last glacial maximum (LGM) from Liñares cave (NW Spain) that belongs to the peripheral range of the western clade, and fossils from the Danish Holocene belonging to the central part of the same clade. Phylogenetic analyses place our samples in the western clade. However, some specimens from Liñares represent an early split in the tree along with other pre‐LGM western samples from previous studies. Despite low bootstrap values in the Bayesian phylogenies, haplotype networks connect these foreign haplotypes to the eastern clade. We suggest a mixed phylogeographical model to explain this pattern with range expansions from the east during the expansion phase after the cold periods in marine isotope stage 3. We find slight isolation by distance in post‐LGM populations that could be a consequence of the recolonization from southern refugia after the LGM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Mitochondrial DNA of pre‐last glacial maximum red deer from NW Spain suggests a more complex phylogeographical history for the species

Rey‐Iglesia

Grandal-d’Anglade

Campos

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…3). Correspondingly, during the 556 cold periods of the Pleistocene, the European wild ass likely withdrew to Southwest Asia, solely or in 557 addition to the Southern European glacial refuges, a behavior we also observed for the European bison 558 [1]. 559…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The repeated glaciations that alternated with warmer phases throughout the Pleistocene had major 542 impacts on the fauna, flora and the environment (e.g., [1,62]). These climatic oscillations were likely 543 to also affect the distribution, speciation and population size of the wild asses.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This 22 concerns many plant and animal species including a number of emblematic large vertebrates. To 23 appreciate the extent of these recent changes it is useful to develop a long-term perspective of how 24 previous climate oscillations and human impact have influenced species composition and distribution 25 in the past (e.g., [1]). To acquire a deeper insight into population dynamics in the light of climate 26 change and human activities, we used ancient and modern DNA to study the Asiatic wild ass (Equus 27 hemionus), once widely distributed over a large geographical area including most of Asia and Europe.…”

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Taming the Late Quaternary phylogeography of the Eurasiatic wild ass through ancient and modern DNA

Bennett

Champlot

Peters

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Taxonomic over-splitting of extinct or endangered taxa, due to an incomplete knowledge of both skeletal morphological variability and the geographical ranges of past populations, continues to confuse the link between isolated extant populations and their ancestors. This is particularly problematic with the genus Equus. To more reliably determine the evolution and phylogeographic history of the endangered Asiatic wild ass, we studied the genetic diversity and inter-relationships of both extinct and extant populations over the last 100,000 years, including samples throughout its previous range from Western Europe to Southwest and East Asia. Using 229 bp of the mitochondrial hypervariable region, an approach which allowed the inclusion of information from extremely poorly preserved ancient samples, we classify all non-African wild asses into nine clades that show a clear phylogeographic structure revealing their phylogenetic history. This study places the extinct European wild ass, E. hydruntinus, the phylogeny of which has been debated since the end of the 19th century, into its phylogenetic context within the Asiatic wild asses and reveals recent gene flow events between populations currently regarded as separate species. The phylogeographic organization of clades resulting from these efforts can be used not only to improve future taxonomic determination of a poorly characterized group of equids, but also to identify historic ranges, interbreeding events between various populations, and the impact of ancient climatic changes. In addition, appropriately placing extant relict populations into a broader phylogeographic and genetic context can better inform ongoing conservation strategies for this highly endangered species.

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“…By the 1920s, both populations were extinct in the wild, with only a handful of individuals -comprising the recent descendants of only 12 individuals -remaining in captivity (Pucek, 2004;Benecke, 2005;Krasińska and Krasiński, 2013). As a result of this severe bottleneck, modern European bison have significantly reduced genetic diversity (Wójcik et al, 2009;Tokarska et al, 2009Tokarska et al, , 2011Massilani et al, 2016;Soubrier et al, 2016;Węcek et al, 2016). Such dramatic bottleneck events typically obscure long-term patterns of evolutionary history (Chang and Shapiro, 2016), and the evolution and palaeobiogeography of European bison consequently remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling the Evolutionary History of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Loenen

Hofman‐Kamińska

et al. 2018

Preprint

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European bison (Bison bonasus) are the largest endemic vertebrates in Europe, and one of the few megafaunal species to have survived the mass megafaunal extinction during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (12-9 thousand years ago). Untangling their evolutionary history would provide valuable information about the response of European megafauna to periods of rapid environmental change. However, a severe and recent population bottleneck obscures much of the population history that could be inferred from the genomes of modern individuals. While several studies have attempted to analyse ancient European bison populations directly using ancient DNA, their datasets were limited in temporal and geographic range. In this study we present the most comprehensive dataset of ancient European bison mitochondrial genomes to date, with 131 ancient bison samples from across the Eurasian continent covering over 50 thousand years. We reveal patterns of bison distribution and concurrent environmental changes across a broad geographical and temporal range. In particular, population expansions following periods of extensive forest reduction combined with a decrease in anthropogenic pressures suggest that European bison remain preferentially adapted to an open steppe environment through to the present day.

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Past climate changes, population dynamics and the origin of Bison in Europe

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Mitochondrial DNA of pre‐last glacial maximum red deer from NW Spain suggests a more complex phylogeographical history for the species

Mitochondrial DNA of pre‐last glacial maximum red deer from NW Spain suggests a more complex phylogeographical history for the species

Taming the Late Quaternary phylogeography of the Eurasiatic wild ass through ancient and modern DNA

Untangling the Evolutionary History of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

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