“…On the other hand, if condition C2 holds, it is monotone for ω m > ω c2 m . The proof is completed invoking Proposition 1 and replacing (15) and (20) in (13) to get (17).…”
Section: Iandi Estimatormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interested readers are referred to [6], [13] for further details on models of windmill systems. 2 In this, and all remaining plots, the function Cp(·) given in (22) is used.…”
Section: Mathematical Model Of the Windmill Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…No attempt is made to estimate the wind speed, instead, concavity of the power coefficient function is assumed to adapt the gain of a switching torque-that intrinsically injects high gain in the loop. In [13] the wellknown passivity-based and sliding mode control techniques are used to provide some guidelines for the controller design. Unfortunately, as indicated by the authors, the assumptions required by these techniques are not satisfied and the controller is designed invoking some approximations, with the wind speed (indirectly) reconstructed with an approximate differentiator.…”
An estimator of the wind speed of a wind turbine coupled to a generator is proposed in this paper. Wind speed enters into the generator dynamics through a highly nonlinear function, hence we are confronted with a difficult problem of estimation of a nonlinearly parameterized system. To solve this problem we use the technique of immersion and invariance, recently introduced in the literature. It is assumed that the rotor speed and electrical torque of the generator are measured, which is the case for the machines typically used in this application. The result is of interest for the design of controllers of maximum power extraction, where the knowledge of the wind speed is necessary to express the control objective as a speed tracking problem. Detailed computer simulations are presented to assess the performances of the proposed estimator and a certainty equivalent proportional plus integral controller.
“…On the other hand, if condition C2 holds, it is monotone for ω m > ω c2 m . The proof is completed invoking Proposition 1 and replacing (15) and (20) in (13) to get (17).…”
Section: Iandi Estimatormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interested readers are referred to [6], [13] for further details on models of windmill systems. 2 In this, and all remaining plots, the function Cp(·) given in (22) is used.…”
Section: Mathematical Model Of the Windmill Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…No attempt is made to estimate the wind speed, instead, concavity of the power coefficient function is assumed to adapt the gain of a switching torque-that intrinsically injects high gain in the loop. In [13] the wellknown passivity-based and sliding mode control techniques are used to provide some guidelines for the controller design. Unfortunately, as indicated by the authors, the assumptions required by these techniques are not satisfied and the controller is designed invoking some approximations, with the wind speed (indirectly) reconstructed with an approximate differentiator.…”
An estimator of the wind speed of a wind turbine coupled to a generator is proposed in this paper. Wind speed enters into the generator dynamics through a highly nonlinear function, hence we are confronted with a difficult problem of estimation of a nonlinearly parameterized system. To solve this problem we use the technique of immersion and invariance, recently introduced in the literature. It is assumed that the rotor speed and electrical torque of the generator are measured, which is the case for the machines typically used in this application. The result is of interest for the design of controllers of maximum power extraction, where the knowledge of the wind speed is necessary to express the control objective as a speed tracking problem. Detailed computer simulations are presented to assess the performances of the proposed estimator and a certainty equivalent proportional plus integral controller.
“…A novel controller for the hybrid system was designed by Valenciaga et al [106], which use both passivity and sliding mode control, with the objective of complementing the wind system with the solar system. And a dynamic model for the system was also developed in the rotor reference frame for the purpose of designing the controller.…”
Section: Converter and Controller Designmentioning
“…Thus, various controllers including sliding mode control scheme are developed to provide better robustness. For power control, [5], [6] propose the sliding mode control scheme below the rated wind speed in order to maximize the generated power and [7], [8] introduce high order sliding mode controllers to reduce the chattering effect. For pitch control, most of the results use PI control scheme and recently a sliding mode pitch control scheme is presented in [9].…”
We propose a torque and pitch control scheme for variable speed wind turbines with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). A torque controller is designed to maximize the power below the rated wind speed and a pitch controller is designed to regulate the output power above the rated wind speed. The controllers exploit the sliding mode control scheme considering the variation of wind speed. Since the aerodynamic torque and rotor acceleration are difficult to measure in practice, a finite time convergent observer is designed which estimates them. In order to verify the proposed control strategy, we present stability analysis as well as simulation results.
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