Passivity breakdown of 316L stainless steel during potentiodynamic polarization in NaCl solution

Redefining passivity breakdown of super duplex stainless steel by electrochemical operando synchrotron near surface X-ray analyses

“…Environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature and chloride concentration, all have an influence on the breakdown process. It is well known that chloride ions in the solution attack the passive film in different ways, 9,37,38 and therefore lower the passivity breakdown potential. The combined electrochemical measurements and operando synchrotron X-ray analyses presented provide comprehensive information about the transpassive breakdown of the super duplex stainless steel in 1 M NaCl solution.…”

“…32,33 Transpassive breakdown at high electrochemical potentials has also been investigated. [34][35][36][37][38] The composition and structure of passive films formed under aqueous environments may get changed when the samples are analyzed under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions; therefore, efforts have been made to analyze the passive films under in situ conditions. 13,14,39,40 Most of the literature reports have focused on pure metals or simple alloys, while limited reports can be found on advanced commercial alloys with complicated composition and structure, such as duplex stainless steels.…”

“…1,2,8,10,81,82 This appears as a drastic increase in the anodic current density by orders of magnitude, and without a stable protective oxide film on the surface, the stainless steel corrodes actively. [1][2][3][8][9][10][11]14,[34][35][36][37][38] The process of passivity breakdown of the advanced alloys, especially the transition from passive to transpassive state, has remained the least understood. 11 The challenge is to perform in situ and real-time analysis of the breakdown process of the passive film to elucidate the physiochemical and electrochemical reactions occurring at the interfaces as well as transport of ionic species across the thin oxide and hydroxide films.…”

The Effect of Rhenium Addition on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Inconel 718 Processed by Selective Laser Melting

“…This is demonstrated by the presence of sharp current density spikes within the potential range of 300 to 600 mV for IN718 and IN718-2Re alloys (Figure 6(c)). Such current density spikes correspond to a metastable pit growth [45,46] and do not occur for IN718-4Re and IN718-6Re alloys. Figure 7 presents SEM images of IN718 samples manufactured at two building orientations 0 and 90 deg after potentiodynamic polarization to around 1000 mV in 0.1 M NaCl solution (pH 4).…”

Corrosion of stainless steel water storage tanks exposed in coastal atmospheric conditions

“…However, in the case of metal with passive film, chloride ions initially located on the film/solution interface can either reach the metal/film interface through surface imperfections by penetration mechanism or can preferentially adsorb on the film surface to reduce oxygen vacancies at the film/solution interface by adsorption mechanism. In the latter case, the oxygen vacancy reduction favors the increase of cation diffusion rate from the metal/film interface to the film/solution interface, which creates more metal vacancies at the metal/film interface to form a void and cause breakdown as pit initiation [12,13]. That means, chloride's role is decisive in passive film breakdown whether these ions penetrate or not through film and its presence is not always detected in the corrosion product.…”