Passive sampling of selected pesticides in aquatic environment using polar organic chemical integrative samplers

Abstract

Passive sampling by POCIS provides a useful tool for the monitoring of pesticides in aquatic systems since integrative sampling at rates sufficient for analytical quantitation of ambient levels was observed. Calibration data are in demand for a greater number of compounds in order to extend the use in environmental monitoring.

Comparison of marine sampling methods for organic contaminants: Passive samplers, water extractions, and live oyster deployment

“…Oysters were deployed in the estuary for as long as the passive samplers. This would allow for a long term averaging in the estuary, comparable to the samplers and other studies (Cernoch et al, 2011;Dalton et al, 2014;El-Shenawy et al, 2010;Fox et al, 2010;Mi ege et al, 2012;Thromatou et al, 2011) without the constraints of small volume laboratory incubations on oyster health. Upon recovery, the passive samplers were immediately placed into jars containing 250 mL of methanol, while oysters were placed in zip lock bags and placed on ice for transportation to the laboratory.…”

“…Both of these systems have been used to determine time-weighted averages and screen for polar organic micropollutants, which include pesticides, in various aquatic environments (Thromatou et al, 2011). EVA plates are designed to sample for a broad range of compounds, they have comparable extraction efficiencies (68e121% (Gunold et al, 2008), 71.1e122% (Cernoch et al, 2011) and 88e130% for the Chemcatcher, POCIS, and EVA plate respectively), and similar precision to both the POCIS and Chemcatcher passive samplers (4e15% (Gunold et al, 2008), 1.0e28% (Alvarez et al, 2004), and 3e14% for the Chemcatcher, POCIS and EVA plate respectively).…”

“…In the past decade, passive sampling has increasingly been used as a substitute for traditional compound measurement via more labor intensive grab sampling and biosampling as it increases sampling efficiency and reduces sampling artifacts and costs (Cernoch et al, 2011;Dalton et al, 2014;Lohmann and Muir, 2010;Scarapato et al, 2010;Smalling et al, 2013;St. George et al, 2011;Stuer-Lauridsen, 2005;Thromatou et al, 2011;Vrana et al, 2006). This study aims to test the efficacy of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)-plate passive samplers as an alternative sampling method that is viable and cost-effective.…”

Determining the suitability of a polar organic chemical integrated sampler (POCIS) for the detection of pesticide residue in the Ishikawa River and its tributary in Osaka, Japan

“…The POCIS consisted of a solid sequestration phase (220 mg of Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic balance [HLB] resin) enclosed between two hydrophilic microporous polyethersulfone (PES) membranes (porosity 0.1 µm). In the linear region of the POCIS uptake, the average concentration of pesticides in water (C w ; µg/L) can be described by the following equation 6,19) :…”

“…In other words, the efficacy of a POCIS for monitoring pesticides that have wide variations in concentration, with a tendency to fluctuate in the aquatic environment during sampling, should be evaluated. Several studies considered the application of a POCIS for pesticides; [17][18][19] however, comparative analyses between a POCIS and frequent grab sampling targeting numerous pesticides are limited. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the characteristics of pesticides detected using a POCIS with those detected via grab sampling in natural rivers in Japan and (2) to compare the TWA concentrations of aquatic pesticides using a POCIS and grab sampling.…”